In a study of schiozophrenia, researchers measured the activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the blood platelets of 18 patients. The results (expressed as nmoles benzylaldehyde product per 108 platelets) were as follows: 6.8 8.4 8.7 11.9 14.2 19.3 9.9 4.1 9.7 12.7 5.2 7.8 7.8 7.4 7.3 10.6 15.5 10.7
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- A study of estrogen levels in two different groups of women finds the following results (in pg/mL): Group A: 18.7 20.6 20.7 19.7 19.9 19.4 20.2 21.6 18.8 14.1 21.6 16.2 21.7 20.8 19.3 21.3 19.9 20.8 23.2Group B: 15.2 36.2 27.5 4.7 24.5 29.4 25.9 62.8 Some summary statistics to help you: ¯y s n Group A: 19.921=(y) 2.0457=(s) 19=(n)Group B: 28.275=(y) 16.9169=(s) 8=(n) a. Is there a difference in estrogen levels? (Note: d.f. = 7.0864 for Welch's t-test). Use α = 0.05. b. Repeat, but this time assume equal variances. Use the same level of α you used before.A sample of 10 diesel trucks were run both hot and cold to estimate the difference in fuel economy. The results, in mpg. are presented in the following table. (From "In-use Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles," J. Yanowitz, Ph.D. thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 2001.) Truck Hot Cold 4.56 4.26 2 4.46 4.08 3 6.49 5.83 5.37 4.96 5 6.25 5.87 6 5.90 5.32 4.12 3.92 8 3.85 3.69 4.15 3.74 10 4.69 4.19 Find a 98% confidence interval for the difference in mean fuel mileage between hot and cold engines.The data below give the concentration of thiol (NM) in the blood lysate for two groups of volunteers. The first group of volunteers is considered 'normal', and the members of the second group of volunteers suffer from rheumatoid arthritis. a Normal: 1.85 Rheumatoid: 2.81 1.90 2.85 2.35 4.08 1.45 3.95 1.83 3.27 1.92 3.77 Find the sample mean and sample standard deviation for the 'Normal and 'Rheumatoid' groups, respectively. (Show the working steps.) 2.15 b Based on the result of (a), what kind of the hypothesis test should be used if we want to investigate whether the mean concentration of thiol is the same for the two groups?
- Researchers were curious to see if stress affected beta-endorphins. They took beta-endorphin levels for 19 patients 12 hours before surgery (lower stress) and again 10 minutes before surgery (higher stress). Given: SDd-bar = 13.52, SDx1 = 4.40An environmental group took a sample from a river under study to check on the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the organisms living in the river. The BOD test was conducted over a period of time (in days). The resulting data follow: Time (days): 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 18 20 BOD (mg/liter) 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.6 2.9 3.7 3.7 3.8 23 16 3.5A study was conducted to examine the effect of diet cola consumption on calcium levels in women. A sample of 16 healthy women aged 18 to 40 were randomly assigned to drink 24 ounces of either diet cola or water. Their urine was collected for three hours after ingestion of the beverage and calcium excretion (in mg) was measured. The data are stored in ColaCalcium.
- A study of the effect of caffeine on muscle metabolism used eighteen male volunteers who each underwent arm exercise tests. Nine of the men were randomly selected to take a capsule containing pure caffeine one hour before the test. The other men received a placebo capsule. During each exercise the subject's respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was measured. (RER is the ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed and is an indicator of whether energy is being obtained from carbohydrates or fats). Does the data provide evidence that caffeine does, on average, reduce RER? Placebo Caffeine 104 96 119 100 100 94 97 89 98 96 103 93 94 89 95 105 98 88 Mean 100.89 94.44 Variance 57.11 31.28A study of the effect of caffeine on muscle metabolism used eighteen male volunteers who each underwent arm exercise tests. Nine of the men were randomly selected to take a capsule containing pure caffeine one hour before the test. The other men received a placebo capsule. During each exercise the subject's respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was measured. (RER is the ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed and is an indicator of whether energy is being obtained from carbohydrates or fats). The question of interest to the experimenter was whether, on average, caffeine changes RER. The two populations being compared are “men who have not taken caffeine” and “men who have taken caffeine” the results were as follows: Develop the hypothesis, Do the test Write the result of the hypothesisA medical student at a community college in city Q wants to study the factors affecting the systolic blood pressure of a person (Y). Generally, the systolic blood pressure depends on the BMI of a person (B) and the age of the person A. She wants to test whether or not the BMI has a significant effect on the systolic blood pressure, keeping the age of the person constant. For her study, she collects a random sample of 150 patients from the city and estimates the following regression function: Y= 15.50 +0.90B + 1.10A. (0.48) (0.35) The test statistic of the study the student wants to conduct (Ho: B, =0 vs. H4: B, #0), keeping other variables constant is. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) At the 5% significance level, the student will v the null hypothesis. Keeping BMI constant, she now wants test whether the age of a person (A) has no significant effect or a positive effect on the person's systolic blood pressure. So, the test statistic associated with the one-sided test the…
- Bisphenol A in Your Soup CansBisphenol A (BPA) is in the lining of most canned goods, and recent studies have shown a positive association between BPA exposure and behavior and health problems. How much does canned soup consumption increase urinary BPA concentration? That was the question addressed in a recent study1 in which consumption of canned soup over five days was associated with a more than 1000% increase in urinary BPA. In the study, 75 participants ate either canned soup or fresh soup for lunch for five days. On the fifth day, urinary BPA levels were measured. After a two-day break, the participants switched groups and repeated the process. The difference in BPA levels between the two treatments was measured for each participant. The study reports that a 95% confidence interval for the difference in means (canned minus fresh) is 19.6 to 25.5 μg/L. (a) Is this a randomized comparative experiment or a matched pairs experiment? Randomized comparative experiment…A study of the effect of caffeine on muscle metabolism used 24 male volunteers who each underwent arm exercise tests. 12 of the men were randomly selected to take a capsule containing pure caffeine one hour before the test. The other men received a placebo capsule. During each exercise the subject's respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was measured. (RER is the ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed and is an indicator of whether energy is being obtained from carbohydrates or fats). The question of interest to the experimenter was whether, on average, caffeine changes RER. Data is in: Placebo Caffeine 105 96 119 99 100 94 97 89 96 96 101 93 94 88 95 105 98 88 95 90 103 97 102 92 Construct a hypothesis test that detect whether there is difference in RER between two groups at .05 significant level (show steps) Construct a hypothesis test that detect whether Caffeine reduces RER compared to placebo at .05…To evaluate the coagulation effects of three drugs, 30 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned into 3 groups and injected with different drugs. Their relevant coagulation times were measured as follows A(group=1): 36.8 34.4 34.3 35.7 33.2 31.1 34.3 29.8 35.4 31.2B(group=2): 40.0 35.5 36.7 39.3 40.1 36.8 33.4 38.3 38.4 39.8C(group=3): 32.9 37.9 30.5 31.1 34.7 37.6 40.2 38.1 32.4 35.6Questions: ① If you want to evaluate whether the coagulation effects of the three drugs are different, which method should be used? and what are the model assumptionsfor the application of this method?② Compare the difference of the coagulation effects among three drugs by SPSS,present the main results and make interpretation.③ Make pairwise comparisons of the efficacy of the three drugs, write out the method of pairwise comparison you adopted (just write one method) and the corresponding p-values.