College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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In a copper wire of diameter 2mm, 3 x 1023 electrons flow in one second. Calculate the following:
(1) Current (2) Current density magnitude (3) Electric field magnitude
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- An aluminum wire with a diameter of 0.125 mm has a uniform electric field of 0.195 V/m imposed along its entire length. The temperature of the wire is 35.0°C. Assume one free electron per atom. (a) Use the information in this Table of Resistivities and Temperature Coefficients to determine the resistivity (in Ω · m) of aluminum at this temperature. (b) What is the current density (in MA/m2) in the wire? J =----- MA/m2 (c) What is the total current (in mA) in the wire? I =--------- mA (d) What is the drift speed of the conduction electrons? vd = ------µm/s (e) What potential difference must exist between the ends of a 1.70 m length of the wire to produce the stated electric field? ΔV = --------- Varrow_forwardA typical lightning bolt may last for 0.197s and transfer 1.19 ✕ 1020 electrons. Calculate the average current (in A) in the lightning bolt.arrow_forwardCopper has 8.5×1028 electrons per cubic meter. How many electrons are there in a 50.0 cm length of 12-gauge copper wire (diameter 2.05 mm)? If a current of 2.10 A is flowing in the wire, what is the average drift speed of the electrons along the wire? (There are 6.24×1018 electrons in 1 coulomb of charge.)arrow_forward
- (a) A 35.5-m length of copper wire at 20.0°C has a radius of 0.23 mm. If a potential difference of 7.0 V is applied across the length of the wire, determine the current in the wire. (Use the values in the following table.) Resistivities and Temperature Coefficients of Resistivity for Various Materials (at 20°C) Material Silver A Copper Gold Aluminum Tungsten Iron Platinum Lead Nichrome a Carbon Germanium Silicon Glass Hard rubber Sulfur Quartz (fused) Resistivity (2. m) 1.59 x 107 1.7 x 10-8 2.44 x 10-8 2.82 x 10 5.6 x 107 10.0 x 10 11 x 10 -8 -8 0.46 -8 640 22 x 10-8 3.5 x 107 -8 -8 150 x 10- -8 -5 1010-1014 ≈1013 1015 75 x 1016 Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity [(°C)-¹] 3.8 x 10 -3 3.9 × 10-3 3.4 x 10-3 3.9 x 107 5.0 x 10 4.5 x 10-3 3.92 x 10 -3 -3 0.4 x 107 -3 3.9 × 10-3 -3 -3 -0.5 x 107 -48 x 10-3 -75 x 10-3 aA nickel-chromium alloy commonly used in heating elements. (b) If the wire is heated to 40.0°C while the 7.0-V potential difference is maintained, what is the resulting…arrow_forwardPart (a) I measure the resistance of this wire and find it to be R = 156 Q. What is the resistivity of the material the wire is made out of? p= Problem 7: A particular wire has a length of L = 2.7 m and a circular cross-sectional area of radius r= 1.69 mm. G= sin() cos cotan() asin()) acotan() atan() cosh() tanh() I= sin()) cos() cotan() asin() sinh() atan() acotan cosh() tanh() cotanh() Degrees O Radians B Degrees O Radians Part (b) What is the conductivity of this wire, in inverse Ohms per meter? 0 tan()) π ( acos() E ^^^L sinh() cotanh() g L P Y d h m r tan() π acos() E ^^^^ π E 1 Part (c) Give an expression for the current density in the wire if an electric field E is passing through it. Write this in terms of the resistivity and the other variables in the problem. J= n R ( ^^^ sin() cos() cotan() asin() atan() acotan() cosh() + + 7 8 9 4 5 6 1 2 3 0 END NO BACKSPACE DEL CLEAR Part (d) Calculate the current in the wire, in milliamperes, if the field strength is 5.28 V/m. - END NO…arrow_forward(a) A 35.1-m length of copper wire at 20.0°C has a radius of 0.23 mm. If a potential difference of 7.0 V is applied across the length of the wire, determine the current in the wire. (Use the values in the following table.) Resistivities and Temperature Coefficients of Resistivity for Various Materials (at 20°C) Material Resistivity(Ω · m) Temperature Coefficientof Resistivity [(°C)−1] Silver 1.59 ✕ 10−8 3.8 ✕ 10−3 Copper 1.7 ✕ 10−8 3.9 ✕ 10−3 Gold 2.44 ✕ 10−8 3.4 ✕ 10−3 Aluminum 2.82 ✕ 10−8 3.9 ✕ 10−3 Tungsten 5.6 ✕ 10−8 4.5 ✕ 10−3 Iron 10.0 ✕ 10−8 5.0 ✕ 10−3 Platinum 11 ✕ 10−8 3.92 ✕ 10−3 Lead 22 ✕ 10−8 3.9 ✕ 10−3 Nichromea 150 ✕ 10−8 0.4 ✕ 10−3 Carbon 3.5 ✕ 10−5 −0.5 ✕ 10−3 Germanium 0.46 −48 ✕ 10−3 Silicon 640 −75 ✕ 10−3 Glass 1010–1014 Hard rubber ≈1013 Sulfur 1015 Quartz (fused) 75 ✕ 1016 aA nickel–chromium alloy commonly used in heating elements. ??A(b) If the wire is heated to 36.0°C while the 7.0-V potential difference is…arrow_forward
- (a) A 34.9-m length of copper wire at 20.0°C has a radius of 0.29 mm. If a potential difference of 7.0 V is applied across the length of the wire, determine the current in the wire. (Use the values in the following table.) Resistivities and Temperature Coefficients of Resistivity for Various Materials (at 20°C) Material Resistivity(Ω · m) Temperature Coefficientof Resistivity [(°C)−1] Silver 1.59 ✕ 10−8 3.8 ✕ 10−3 Copper 1.7 ✕ 10−8 3.9 ✕ 10−3 Gold 2.44 ✕ 10−8 3.4 ✕ 10−3 Aluminum 2.82 ✕ 10−8 3.9 ✕ 10−3 Tungsten 5.6 ✕ 10−8 4.5 ✕ 10−3 Iron 10.0 ✕ 10−8 5.0 ✕ 10−3 Platinum 11 ✕ 10−8 3.92 ✕ 10−3 Lead 22 ✕ 10−8 3.9 ✕ 10−3 Nichromea 150 ✕ 10−8 0.4 ✕ 10−3 Carbon 3.5 ✕ 10−5 −0.5 ✕ 10−3 Germanium 0.46 −48 ✕ 10−3 Silicon 640 −75 ✕ 10−3 Glass 1010–1014 Hard rubber ≈1013 Sulfur 1015 Quartz (fused) 75 ✕ 1016 (b) If the wire is heated to 32.0°C while the 7.0-V potential difference is maintained, what is the resulting current in the wire?arrow_forwardA beam contains 2.7 x 109 doubly charged positive ions per cubic centimeter, all of which are moving north with a speed of 4.9 × 105 m/s. What is (a) the magnitude of the current density and (b) direction of the current density . (c) What additional quantity do you need to calculate the total current i in this ion beam? (a) Number Units A/m^2 to the north (b) cross-sectional area of ion beam (c) Use correct number of significant digits; the tolerance is +/-1 in the 2nd significant digitarrow_forwardPlease type instead of hand writtingarrow_forward
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