In a certain economy, the Dynamic Aggregate Supply (DAS) line is represented by the function=-π₁ = Ę ₁ = ₁ π + α ( Y₁ − Ÿ) + D and the inflation expectations formation mechanism is adaptive, that is,E₁+1 Absent a supply shock (v₁ = 0), in a figure representing period t inflation rate, π, on thevertical axis, and period t output, Y₁, on the horizontal axis, the period t DAS line will pass through thepair of points, :OA. (-1)B. (α, Y)○ C. (Y)D. (πt, Yt)

πt=Etπt−1+α(Yt−Yˉ)+vtAnd it states that the inflation expectations formation mechanism is…

Answered: In a certain economy, the Dynamic…

Economics:

10th Edition

ISBN:9781285859460

Author:BOYES, William

Publisher:BOYES, William

Chapter14: Macroeconomic Policy: Tradeoffs, Expectations, Credibility, And Sources Of Business Cycles

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19E

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In the standard AS-AD framework, after a positive one-period 0 for all timesT> t), the inflation shock at time t (that is, ō, economy will move to a new equilibrium with O because Tt+1 - Tt %3D %3D the AS curve immediately shifts such that the AS and AD curves intersect at Y = 0. Any shock is offset completely by an opposing inflation shock. the AD curve shifts each period. Changes in the rate of inflation are matched by changes in the demand parameter ā. the AS curve gradually shifts in the direction of Yt = 0. Changes in %3D inflation affect the intercept of the AS curve. the AD curve adjusts over time. Changes in expected inflation move the intercept term of the AD curve. the AS curve never shifts in response to shocks in the economy.
Suppose an economy is characterized by the following three equations: where the first equation is an aggregate-supply function written in the form of an expectations-augmented Phillips curve, the second is an IS or aggregate-demand relationship, and the third is a money-demand equation, where ∆m denotes the growth rate of the nominal money supply. The real interest rate is denoted by r and the nominal rate by i, with Let the central bank implement policy by setting i to minimize the expected value of Assume that the policy authority has forecasts ef , uf , and vf of the shocks but that the public forms its expectations prior to the setting of i and without any information on the shocks. a. Assume that the central bank can commit to a policy of the form prior to knowing any of the realizations of the shocks. Derive the optimal commitment policy (i.e., the optimal values of c0, c1, c2, and c3). b. Derive the time-consistent equilibrium under discretion. How does the…
Consider an economy producing at Ý, = 0 and ū = 1/4. The inflation rate at t = 0 is To = 3% . Now, suppose the economy is hit by an inflation shock õ1 = ö2 = 3%. The shock is temporary and ōg = 0 for t > 2. For the duration of the inflation shock, the economy is in a recession with Ý1 = Ý2 = -1%, which ends with Ý 3 = 0. Based on this information, you know that the inflation rate 73 i , percent.
In which of the following situations will demand pull inflation fall? a) Rising aggregate supply b) Reduced taxes c) Rising incomes d) Decreased imports e) Aggregate demand rising with aggregate supply lags
Consider the AS/AD model. The AS curve is: Y, = a – bm(r, - 7) and the AD curve is: Thy = T-1 + DỸ, +ō. where r is inflation and Y is short-run output. The subscript t indexes time. ī = 0.01,0 = 0.02, ā = 0.04, b = 0.05, and m = 0.04 are fixed strictly positive parameters. Assume the inflation target is 0.02 (or 2%). Calculate Y at the steady state. (If you answer is 3%, do not put the percentage sign enter 3 or 0.03).
Assume that the price level in an economy is stable with expected inflation initially equal to 3% in period 0. Further assume the economy is then hit by an expansion at the beginning of period 1, and employment remains at a constant high level until the beginning of period 4. With ‘time period’ on the xaxis and ‘inflation rate’ on the y-axis: (i) Plot the path of the bargaining gap (assume it is equal to 1%), inflation and expected inflation from period 1 to the end of period 4. (ii) Provide some reasons for why the bargaining gap might disappear after period 4, and state any other assumptions you are making. (iii) Explain how an increase in the central bank’s policy interest rate would affect the exchange rate through the market for financial assets (such as government bonds). What impact would this have on aggregate demand?
Consider the AS/AD model. The AS curve is: Ỹ, = a – bm(r, – T) and the AD curve is: T; = T;-1 + UY, +ō. t where t is inflation and Y is short-run output. The subscript t indexes time. ū = 0.01, ō = 0.02, ā = 0.04, b = 0.05, and m = 0.04 are fixed strictly positive parameters. Assume the inflation target T is 0.02 (or 2%). Calculate T at the steady state. (If you answer is 3%, do not put the percentage sign enter 3 or 0.03).
Consider the AD-AS model Y = Y* — ay(π − π* ) + €D - π = π² + OB(Y−Y*) + €s Suppose the parameter values are a = 0.5, y = 2, p = 0.5, ß = 1 with inflation target * = 0.02 and natural output normalized to Y* = 1. = Suppose the economy begins in an initial long run equilibrium and there is then a temporary demand shock Ep = -0.05. In the short run, immediately following this shock, output and inflation are given by: Y = 1.025, π = -0.005 Y = 0.975, π = +0.005 Y = 1.025, π = +0.005 Y = 0.966, π = -0.003
An economy's aggregate demand curve (the relationship between short-run equilibrium output and inflation) is described by the equation:Y = 15,000 - 12,000π, where π is the inflation rate. Initially, the inflation rate is 2 percent or π = 0.02. Potential output Yp equals 14,640.Note: Keep as much precision as possible during your calculations. Your final answer for inflation should be accurate to at least two decimal places and output should be accurate to the nearest whole number.a) Find inflation and output in short-run equilibrium. Inflation : 0%Output : $0 b) Find inflation and output in long-run equilibrium. Inflation : 0%Output : $0
The table below reports the actual inflation rate from 2016 to 2020. Complete the table, assuming people form expectations adaptively. Give all answers to two decimals. Year 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Actual inflation rate 3% 4.50% 7.00% 6.00% 4.00% Expected inflation rate a) d) e) 3% 4.50% % % % b) c) f) Error 0% 1.00% % % %
1 Inflation in the period t in the economy is described by the following function Tt -0.3 + 0.06u, + T where T; - inflation in the period t, ut - unemployment in the period t. Inflation expectations are formed adaptively: T = 0.7Tt-1 + 0.37_1, where T is the expected inflation in the period t. Let's assume that initially, in the time period t is equal to TO reduction of the inflation rate to the level of 0.05, starting from the year t: unemployment rate in year t = 0 and in year t = 1. 0, the inflation rate coincides with the level of inflationary expectations and T = 0.1. The Central Bank is conducting a policy of permanent (once and for all) 1. Calculate the
Consider the ASIAD model. The AS curve is: Y, = a - bm(n, - 7) and the AD curve is: T, = T;-1 + TỸ, +ō. where a is inflation and Y is short-run output. The subscript t indexes time. T = 0.01, 0 = 0.02, ā = 0.04, b = 0.05, and m = 0.04 are fixed strictly positive parameters. Assume the inflation target n is 0.02 (or 2%). Imagine the Bank of England decides to increase its inflation target to 0.04 (or 4%) What happens to short-run output Ỹ in the period immediately after the shock? a. increases O b. decreases Oc. stays the same

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