Imagine a firm with one period of operations. In case of a strong economy, the FCF from operations at year 1 will be $2,800. In case of a weak economy, the FCF at year 1 will be $1,800. Both scenarios are equally likely to happen. The risk-free rate is 3% and the equity risk premium is 12% per year. Under these circumstances, if the cost of levered equity is 28%, how much debt financing does the firm use?
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- You discover an investment costing $3,000 which has an expected total return of 15% pa, but a required return of only 11% pa. Of the 15% pa total expected return, the capital return is expected to be 8% pa. Assume that the required return of 11% remains constant, the dividends can only be re-invested at 11% pa and all returns are given as effective annual rates. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? a. When plotted on the Security Market Line, the investment would have a positive alpha. b. You would use a discount rate of 11% to find the NPV of this investment c. The expected dividend return is 7% d. The investment’s price at time t=20 would be $49,099.61 e. The investment is currently under-pricedSuppose you are the financial manager of a company, and there are three potential projects for investment. The risk free rate is 2%. The market risk premium is 6%. The beta of the company is 0.6. You need to invest $100 today for Project A, and project A is expected to provide a cash flow of $6 a share forever. The beta for this project is 0.75. You need to invest $105 today for Project B, and project B is expected pay $3.5 next year. Thereafter, payment growth is expected to be 3% a year forever. The beta for this project is 0.7. You need to invest $175 today for project C, and project C is expected to pay $1.25, $3.80, and $3.00 over the next three years, respectively. Starting in year 4 and thereafter, dividend growth is expected to be 3.5% a year forever. The beta for this project is 0.5. (a1) What's the expected return of the market portfolio? And what's the beta for this market portfolio? (a2) What is the discount rate for each project?(a3) which project(s) will you invest? And…You need to estimate the equity cost of capital for XYZ Corp. You have the following data available regarding past returns: a. What was XYZ's average historical return? b. Compute the market's and XYZ's excess returns for each year. Estimate XYZ's beta. c. Estimate XYZ's historical alpha. d. Suppose the current risk-free rate is 3%, and you expect the market's return to be 9%. Use the CAPM to estimate an expected return for XYZ Corp.'s stock. e. Would you base your estimate of XYZ's equity cost of capital on your answer in part (a) or in part (d)? Data table (Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) Year 2007 2008 Risk-free Return 2% 1% Print Market Return 5% - 39% Done XYZ Return 11% - 46% X
- Suppose that Banana Computers has $1,000 in revenue this year, along with COGS of $400 and SG&A of $100. The required rate of return on its equity is 14%, and the risk-free rate is 5%. Assume that the COGS only include the marginal costs of selling a computer. Banana is considering adding $700 worth of debt with a coupon rate of 5% and an YTM of 7.9% to its capital structure. Suppose, revenues fall by $300,what is the percent change in net income with and without the debt? Assume that the total variable production costs remain the same. (Round the answer to one decimal places.) a. 59.2% and 40.8% b. 60.0% and 64.5% c. 64.5% and 60% d. 40.8% and 59.2%Suppose that a company yields mean returns of 20% (equity), and 9% mean returns on every peso the company invests (debt) in a certain alternative. What would be the best decision if the MARR and ROR calculated is 12%?Richter Manufacturing has a 10% unlevered cost of equity. Richter forecasts the following free cash flows (FCFs), which are expected to grow at a constant 3% rate after Year 3. Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 FCF $715 $750 $805 a. What is the horizon value of the unlevered operations? b. What is the total value of unlevered operations at Year 0?
- The FMS Corporation needs to raise investment money amounting to $40 million in new equity. The firm’s market risk is βM = 1.4, which means the firm is believed to be riskier than the market average. The risk free interest rate is 2.8% and the average market return is 9% per year. What is the cost of equity for the $40 million?You have the following initial information on which to base your calculations and discussion: Debt yield = 2.6% Required Rate of Return on Equity = 12% Expected return on S&P500 = 10% Risk-free rate (rF) = 1.5% Inflation = 2.5% Corporate tax rate (TC) = 30% Current long-term and target debt-equity ratio (D:E) = 1:3 a. What is the unlevered cost of equity (rE*) for this firm? Assume that the management of the firm is considering a leveraged buyout of the above company. They believe that they can gear the company to a higher level due to their ability to extract efficiencies from the firm’s operations. Thus, they wish to use a target debt-equity ratio of 3:1 in their valuation calculations. b. What would the levered cost of equity equal for this firm at a debt-equity ratio (D:E) of 3:1? c. What would the required rate of return for the company equal if it were to be acquired under the leveraged buyout structure (i.e., what would the estimated firm WACC equal to under a…Castle-in-Sand generates a rate of return of 20% on its investments and maintains a plowback ratio of 0.30. Its earnings this year will be $4 per share. Investors expect a 12% rate of return on the stock. Required: (a.) Find the price and P/E ratio of the firm. (b.) What happens to the P/E ratio if the plowback ratio is reduced to 0.20? Why? (c.) Show that if plowback equals zero, the earnings-price ratio, E/P, falls to the expected rate of return on the stock.
- 1.a. Austin Metal Company reported Current Assets of $209,000 and Current Liabilities of $110,000. Calculate working capital and explain the results 1.b. The Company DEN has a beta of 1.30. The risk-free rate of return is 1.90 percent and the market rate of return is 5.10 percent. What is the CAPM cost of equity? kindly explain in detailA firm will earn a taxable net return of $500 million next year. If it took on debt today, it would have to pay creditors\varepsilon(rDebt) = 5% + 10% x wDebt2. Thus, if the firm has 100% debt, the financial markets would demand 15% expected rate of return. Further, assume that the financial markets will lend the firm capital at this overall net cost of 15%, regardless of how the firm is financed. The firm is in the 25% marginal tax bracket. 1. If the firmis fully equity-financed, what is its value? 2. Using APV, if the firm is financed with equal amounts of debt and equity today, what is its value? 3. Using WACC, if the firm is financed with equal amounts of debt and equity today, what is its value? 4. Does this firm have an optimal capital structure? If so, what is its APV and WACC?You have the following initial information on which to base your calculations and discussion: Debt yield = 2.5% Required Rate of Return on Equity = 13% Expected return on S&P500 = 8% Risk-free rate (rF) = 1.5% Inflation = 2.5% Corporate tax rate (TC) = 30% Current long-term and target debt-equity ratio (D:E) = 1:3 a. What is the unlevered cost of equity (rE*) for this firm? Assume that the management of the firm is considering a leveraged buyout of the above company. They believe that they can gear the company to a higher level due to their ability to extract efficiencies from the firm’s operations. Thus, they wish to use a target debt-equity ratio of 3:1 in their valuation calculations.