College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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If we intercept an electron having total energy 1533
MeV that came from Vega, which is 26 ly from us, how far in lightyears
was the trip in the rest frame of the electron?
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- Electrical energy of approximately 1.00 x 1019 J is used annually in the United States. How much rest mass must be used to generate this much energy if no energy is wasted?arrow_forwardAn astronaut left Earth in a spaceship at a speed of 0.95c relative to an observer on Earth. The astronaut traveled to a star system 16.5 LY away. Neither the astronaut, nor the observer on Earth agreed how long trip took. Let Earth represent the rest frame What is proper length? Who has the proper length? Who has the proper time? what is the proper time? What is the difference between the passage of time recorded by someone on Earth versus someone on the spaceship. rest frame a. Who had proper length?arrow_forwardImagine an alien spaceship traveling so fast that it crosses our galaxy (whose rest diameter is 100,000 ly) in only 100 y of spaceship time. Observers at rest in the galaxy would say that this was possible because the ship's speed B was so close to 1 that the proper time it measured between its entry into and departure from the galaxy was much shorter than the galaxy frame coordinate time (~ 100,000 y) between those events. But how does this look to the aliens? To them, their clocks are running normallu, but the galaxy, which moves backward relative to them at speed B~1, is Lorentz-contracted to a bit less than 100 ly across: this is what makes it possible for the whole galaxy to fly by them in only 100 y. Then find the diameter of the galaxy in the aliens' frame, and verify that it is possible for a galaxy moving at speed B with this diameter to passthe aliens' ship completely in 100y. Answer: 0.9999995arrow_forward
- If ever the human race would need to leave Earth, the Trappist-1 system might make a good destination – the star there has seven temperate terrestrial planets, a few of which are close to Earth’s size and mass. It’s 39.6 light years away, though, so it could take a long time to get there. (a) If the spaceship had a speed of 0.95c, how long would the journey take from the Earth’s reference frame? (b) How long would the journey be for the passengers on the spaceship?arrow_forwardThe average lifetime of a pi meson in its own frame of reference (i.e., the proper lifetime) is 2.6 10-8 s. (a) If the meson moves with a speed of 0.94c, what is its mean lifetime as measured by an observer on Earth? (b) What is the average distance it travels before decaying, as measured by an observer on Earth? (c) What distance would it travel if time dilation did not occur?arrow_forwardA spaceship leaves Earth on a one-way star trip that earthbound observers judge will take 25 years. If the ship travels at 0.95c rela- tive to Earth, how long will the trip take as judged by observers in the ship?arrow_forward
- A particle's dynamics are considered "relativistic" when its velocity is a significant fraction of the speed of light. For example, the mass of a moving particle seen by a stationary observer increases in proportion to the square root of 1/(1 - (v/c)2). For typical speeds in the everyday world it is not noticeable, but take a fast moving fundamental particle and you may have apparent mass increases or changes in its lifetime as a consequence of time dilation. Look at this factor for the electron you measured at 100 V in the glass globe. Pick the best answer. The effect is less than 0.1 %. The effect is around 1%. The effect is around 10%. The effect is a factor of 2 change in mass.arrow_forwardCalculate the rest mass of an atomic particle, if the particle accelerator produces a velocity of 0.955c and measures a relativistic momentum of 1.25 x 10^-18 kg·m/s.arrow_forwardA car is moving relative to a pedestrian with a Lorentz factor of 1.45. With the length of the car being 5.7m according to the pedestrian, what's the length according to the driver of the car (he's moving at the same speed of the car) ?arrow_forward
- In some experiment, we found the fast meson’s velocity is vf=0.9999c while the slow meson’s velocity is vs=0.9955c. Using unit of c in this problem. (leave two decimal places of your result, i.e. like 1.23) (a) Calculate the ratio of the fast meson's lifetime in the laboratory frame to the slow meson's lifetime in the laboratory frame. (b) Calculate the ratio of the fast meson's decay length to the slow meson's decay length.arrow_forwardYou and vouur archenemy pass each other in rockets that are each traveling 0.2c relative to the other. You observe that your rocket (which you have measured to be 281 m Jong ten times as long as your archenemy's spaceship. How long is your rocket in your archenemy's frame? How long is your archenemy's rocket in their frame?arrow_forward
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