If the marginal cost of production is greater than the average cost, in what direction must the average cost be changing if any?

A book publisher hires editors, designers, and production and marketing managers who help prepare books for publication. Because these employees work on several books simultaneously, the number of people the company hires will neither increase nor decrease with the quantity of books the company publishes during any particular year. The salaries and benefits of people in these job categories will be included in Select one: a. fixed cost and marginal cost but not variable cost. b. fixed cost but not variable cost and total cost. c. marginal cost and total cost but not fixed cost. d. fixed cost and total cost but not variable cost. e. Average variable cost

1. How does fixed cost affect marginal cost? Why is this relationship important? 2. Is it possible for total utility to increase while marginal utility diminishes? Explain. 3. Define economies of scale and explain why they might arise. Define disecononies of scale and explain why they might arise.

Nokia sells a new budget cell phone. Based on information provided by the accounting department, the average variable cost is: AVC = $30 + Q %3D The average fixed cost is: AFC = $9,000,000/Q where Q is the number of phones. The phone sells for $50. Show your work/thought process: a. Find the total cost, average cost, and marginal cost equations. b. At what level of output is average total cost minimized?