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- A communication system has two identical antennas operated at 6 GHz and aligned for maximum reception to each other. To allow the receiver antenna to detect the transmitted signal of 25 W over a distance of 40 km, the receivied signal power must be greater than or equal to -25 dBm. Calculate the required receiving antenna gain to detect the signal efficintly.Large radio telescopes, like the one in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, can detect extremely weak signals. Suppose one radio telescope is sensitive enough to detect a signal which lays down only 0.87 pW of power on an area of 6.8 x 10¹5 m². (a) What would be the total power that would be received by the antenna, assuming that its diameter is 350 m? (b) What would be the power of a source at 26000 ly distance from Earth that could provide such a signal? A light-year is the distance light travels in one year. (a) Number i (b) Number Save for Later Units Units Attempts: unlimited Submit Answer(a) What would a small T.V. antenna suggest about the broadcast signal it is designed to receive?(b) A radio station in Sydney broadcasts at 9.67 MHz. What would be the length of its antenna if this is exactly half a wavelength long?
- Large radio telescopes, like the one in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, can detect extremely weak signals. Suppose one radio telescope is sensitive enough to detect a signal which lays down only 1.4 pW of power on an area of 5.1 × 1015 m2. (a) What would be the total power that would be received by the antenna, assuming that its diameter is 310 m? (b) What would be the power of a source at 28000 ly distance from Earth that could provide such a signal? A light-year is the distance light travels in one year. Both units in WIf electric and magnetic field strengths vary sinusoidally in time, being zero at t=0, then E=E0 sin 2πft and B=B0 Sin 2πft . Let f = 1.00 GHz here When do they reach their most negative value?AM radio waves can be produced by a marconi anthenna, whose length must be one-fourth of the wave's wavelength. What must be the length, in meters, of the antenna to produce a frquency of 630kHz?
- During the Cold War, American submarines operated as "lone wolves" at extreme ocean depths for many months at a time. Ordinary radio signals are greatly attenuated at such depths, making communication with the submarines difficult. One way suggested to communicate with the submarines was a program the Navy called Seafarer that used extremely low frequency waves. If the Seafarer transmitter broadcast at 82 Hz, what would the transmitter's quarter wavelength antenna have to be in order to receive the signal? kmIf electric and magnetic field strengths vary sinusoidally in time, being zero at t=0, then E=E0 sin 2πft and B=B0 Sin 2πft . Let f = 1.00 GHz here When are the field strengths first zero?A 12 GHz down link of a GEO satellite at a height of 36000 km above earth surface has an antenna with a diameter of 1 meter and 0.65efficiency. Find the gain in dB, the beamwidth in degrees, and the diameter of the circular coverage area on earth surface assuming flat earth
- A microstrip line, which is open at one end and extends to infinity toward theother end, has a center conductor width = 0.4λo, substrate height of 0.05λo,and it is operating at 10 GHz. The dielectric constant of the substrate is 2.25.This type of microstrip line is used to construct rectangular patch antennas.Determine the following:(a) The input admittance (real and imaginary parts) of the microstrip line atthe leading open edge. Is it capacitive or inductive?(b) What kind of a lumped element (capacitor or inductor) canbe placed at theleading open edge between the center conductor of the line and its groundplane to resonate the admittance? What is the value of the lumped element?(c) The new input impedance, taking into account the presence of the lumpedelement.Lunar astronauts placed a reflector on the Moon’s surface, off which a laser beam is periodically reflected. The distance to the Moon is calculated from the round-trip time. (a) To what accuracy in meters can the distance to the Moon be determined, if this time can be measured to 0.100 ns? (b) What percent accuracy is this, given the average distance to the Moon is 3.84×108 m?A ground-to-synchronous satellite link must be closed in a jamming environment. The data rate is 1 kbit/s and the ground station has a 60-ft antenna. Antijam protection is provided by a 10-Mbits/s direct-sequence spread-spectrum code. The jammer has a 150-ft antenna and a transmitter with 400 kW of power. Assume equal space and prop- agation losses. How much power is required of the earth station transmitter to achieve an EJ of 16 dB at the satellite receiver? Assume that the receiver noise is negligible.