If each substance listed here costs the same amount per kilogram, which would be most cost-effective to lower the freezing point of water? (Assume complete dissociation for all ionic compounds). Explain your reasoning for full credit. a. HOCH2CH2OH b. NaCl c. KCl d. MgCl2 e. SrCl2

For questions #8, #9, #10, and #11-  From the following: a. pure water  b. 0.01 m aqueous solution of C12H22O11  c. 0.01 m aqueous solution of NaCl  d. 0.01 m aqueous solution of CaCl2. #8. Choose the one with the highest freezing point. #9. Choose the one with the lowest freezing point. #10. Choose the one with the highest boiling point.     #11. Choose the one with the lowest boiling point .

An ethylene glycol solution contains 30.4 g of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) in 94.4 mL of water. (Assume a density of 1.00 g/mL for water.) a. Determine the freezing point of the solution.     b. Determine the boiling point of the solution.

Match the following aqueous solutions with the appropriate letter from the column on the right. 0.15 1. m Lowest A. freezing point CuBr2 0.17 Bal, 2. m Second lowest В. freezing point 0.18 3. m Third lowest С. freezing point Ni(NO3)2 0.47 4. Highest freezing point Sucrose(nonelectrolyte) D.