Answered: Identify some of the detergents used in…

Identify some of the detergents used in shampoos and dishwashing liquids. Are they primarily anionic, neutral, or cationic detergents?

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

11th Edition

ISBN:9781285869759

Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres

Publisher:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres

Chapter18: Carboxylic Acids

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18.23P: 18-23 Characterize the structural features necessary to make a good synthetic detergent.

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Concept explainers

Micelles and Biological Membrane

Micelles are the type of lipid molecules that organize themselves in spherical shape in aqueous solutions. The production of the micelle is a reply to the amphipathic behavior of fatty acids. It means that they consist of both hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic regions. In micelles, polar head groups (hydrophilic groups) produce an outer layer associated with water whereas nonpolar tails (hydrophobic groups) are organized in the interior.

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Identify some of the detergents used in shampoos and dishwashing liquids. Are they primarily anionic, neutral, or cationic detergents?

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18-23 Characterize the structural features necessary to make a good synthetic detergent.
which are the main ingredients in certain pesticides and “nerve gases”
What is meant by the following terms? Explain with an example for each.(i) Target molecules as used in medicinal chemistry(ii) Food preservative(iii) Non-ionic detergents
Differentiate between disinfectants and antiseptics.
Alkaloids are basic nitrogen-containing compounds of plant origin, many of which are physiologically active when administered to humans. Ingestion of coniine, isolated from water hemlock, can cause weakness, labored respiration, paralysis, and eventually death. Coniine is the toxic substance in the “poison hemlock” used in the death of Socrates. In small doses, nicotine is an addictive stimulant. In larger doses, it causes depression, nausea, and vomiting. In still larger doses, it is a deadly poison. Solutions of nicotine in water are used as insecticides. Cocaine is a central nervous system stimulant obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.Classify each amino group in these alkaloids according to type (primary, secondary, tertiary, aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic).
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Cream of tartar is a white powder sometimes used in baking. (It's what separates a tangy, chewy snickerdoodle from an ordinary cinnamon-coated sugar cookie. The acid in the cream of tartar gives snickerdoodles their distinctive tangy flavor, and the chew happens because cream of tartar prevents sugar in the cookie dough from crystalizing into crunchiness. Allrecipies.com) Cream of tartar (KHC4H4O6) is the conjugate base salt of tartaric acid (shown to the right). The Ka for another similar acid is 8.7×10-3. What is the standard Gibb's free energy (in kJ/mol) for the dissociation of that other acid?
Write the reaction formed in the formation of phenolphthalein. Identify the functional group is phenolphthalein, which is responsible for the indicator property.
Move the chemicals or descriptions to their correct category to review general characteristics of germicidal agents. Used in hand scrubs, prepping skin for surgery Disrupt cell membranes, but only rated for low- level disinfection Halogens Reset lodine Used to disinfect delicate instruments and plastic materials Hydrogen Peroxide Aldehydes Toxicity is a concom but used to stentize clinical equipment and instruments Triclosan is a banned member of this antimicrobial category Ethylene Oxide Alcohol Mercury and silver are examples A 70% solution is best for denaturing microbial proteins Phenolics Detergents Chlorine bleach 3% solution is used as an antiseptic for skin and wound cleansing Chlorhexidine Heavy Metals