I. What is the difference of TB, PTB, MDR-TB and XDR-TB? II. What is superbugs and how does it occur? III. What are specific ways to avoid antibiotic resistance?
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- 6) What is Hemoptysis? Is it common as a symptom of TB?a. Outline the unique characteristics of Mycobacterium.b. What is the epidemiology of TB?c. Differentiate between TB infection and TB disease.What is the brand name, generic name, therapeutic category, and available dosage form of: 1. Bactroban®2. Brevibloc®3.Canesten®4. Celebrex®5. Claritin®
- 27. After experiencing recurrent bacterial infections, you diagnose your patient, Mrs. Watts, with non immune mediated neutropenia. So which of the following would you prescribe to treat her condition (the bacterial infection)? (Please note: she is in generally good health and please think about the possible side effects of your medications.) a. tetracycline - antibiotic colors teeth b. streptomycin c. staphylococcal enterotoxin B d. cyclosporine e. diflucan not ble antifungal # 28. Which of the following diuretics would you NOT prescribe by mouth? a. Spironolactone you can b. Lasix Aq | | 1 12 c. Microzide dMannitol - decrease ICP, e. Methazolamide 29. Your patient has been experiencing nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting). So therefore, which of the following drugs/products would you give him/her to help prevent the nocturnal enuresis? (Hint: ADH) a. aspirin b. methocinnamox c. foscarnet d. lithium mental issues e. beer tarken by ICP, taken by IV, don't m a. low potassium levels b. high…Mansah is an HIV patient who was also being treated in a hospital for TB. 1. List the medications that you expect Mansah to be given for i)TB if it is not drug resistant ii) HIV 2. Assuming you have a prescription with above medications and the patient is anemic i) Which other medications do you expect the clinical team to add to patient’s medication? ii) What drug related issues will you try to avoid in the treatment of Mansah’s condition?- Section 12 Hom 93 of 145 در ∞ 93. A 16-year-old boy with sickle cell disease comes to the physician because of a 6-hour history of a persistent, paintu penile eraction. He says that the word stimulation. Physical examination shows no other abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of this condition? A) Hyperactivity of the bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus muscles CB) Hyperactivity of the parasympathetic cavernous innervation OC) Occlusion of arteriovenous anastomoses that bypass the corpora cavernosa OD) Occlusion of venous channels in the corpora cavernosa E) Response to ischemia secondary to arteriolar occlusion
- 1. Explain why pathogens need to attach to host cells. 2. Describe various microbial attachment techniques. 3. Describe the 5 steps involved in establishing infection. 4. Explain the modes of action for staphylococcal alpha toxin, cholera toxin, diphtheria toxin, Shiga toxin, and anthrax toxin. 5. Differentiate endotoxin from exotoxin. 6. Describe secretion systems used to export exotoxins/effector proteins. 7. Discuss the three main ways intracellular pathogens avoid intracellular destruction. 8. Describe various strategies pathogens use to avoid the immune system. 9. Describe mechanisms used by Listeria and Salmonella to establish infection in the host cell13) Hand, foot, and mouth disease usually occurs in children (< 10-year-old, who live in rural areas or in large family size). Fever, malaise, skin rash, ulcer in the palm of the hand, soles of the feet, and in the mouth are diagnosed. It is self-limited that’s resolved within 10 days and no treatment is required. This causative agent for these symptoms is : a. All choices b. Coxsackie virus A16 c. ssRNA (small) d. contiguous, transmitted via fecal-oral route and respiratory aerosol e. Both B and C f. a member of Picornaviridae family, Genus EnterovirusConsider the following ten diseasesPoliomyelitis, Tuberculosis, pertussis,measles, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, Haemophilia influenza disease, meningococcal disease, pneumococcal disease, Yellow fever, COVID- 19. In a tabular form indicate1. The causative agent of each disease2. Type of vaccine (the vaccine and it's antigen)3. Who should normally receive /target population4. Vaccination administration route and site