(i) Explain the difference between symplast and transmembrane water transport pathways in plants. (ii) Explain positive hydrostatic pressure in the root and conditions causing the root pressure. What is the phenomenon likely caused by this root pressure? (iii) Describe the phenomenon observed in Question 1 c) (ii) with inclusion of plant structures involved.
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- (a) Describe the role of mitosis in the growth of a plant. (b) Explain why there are more cells observed in mitosis in the root tip than in the woody stem.(a) What structure can be found in a cross-section of a stem, leaf, and root? (b) How do these structure help these parts to perform their function?The vascular system in piants is made up of two tissues: phloem and xylem. (a) Mark on the image above the positions of the xylem and phloem. (b) Differentiate between these vascular tissues. (c) Identify and describe a recent technology used to determine plant structure.
- A) The concentration of CO2 is lower inside a plant cell than in the atmosphere (outside the cell). In your own words, describe how the CO2 levels are kept low inside the plant cell and explain why this is necessary. Assume stomata are open. B) Regarding the situation presented in Part A and assuming that the stomata of the plant leaves are closed, would this favour the induction of photorespiration in a C3 plant? Explain. Make reference to relevant molecule or molecules as needed. Please clearly label your responses as A and BGiven that (a) xylem is located toward the upper epidermis in leaf veins and phloem is located toward the lower epidermis and (b) the vascular tissue of a leaf is continuous with that of the stem, suggest one possible arrangement of vascular tissues in the stem that might account for the arrangement of vascular tissue in the leaf.(a) There are two components to the conducting system in secondary tissues, one responsible for conduction longitudinally (root to shoot and vice versa) and the other responsible for lateral conduction. Name these two systems. (b) Which type of vascular cambium initial gives rise to each of the components named above.
- Among the three pathways of water movements in plants, which is the most used? Explain the reasons behind. (i) Figure 1: Water droplets on leaf blades (IPM, University of Missouri) Explain the phenomenon shown in Figure 1 by providing the specific term, elucidating the reason, conditions and plant structure involved. (ii)7. The vascular tissue that transports water and minerals from the soil to the rest of the plant is the (a) phloem. (b) phlegm. (c) leaf. (@) хуlет. 8. The vascular tissue that transports sugars from photosynthetic tissues to the rest of the plant is (a) phloem. (b) phlegm. (c) leaf. (d) хуlеm. 9. In most land plants, the generation is the dominant one (a) diploid sporophyte (b) diploid gametophyte (c) haploid sporophyte (d) haploid gametophyte 10. In seed plants, the helps transfer of sperm from the pollen grain to the egg. (a) sepal (b) рetal (c) tuberous ovule (d) pollen tubeWater ascent up a plant is vital for maintaining proper physiological function of the leaves, (a) is root pressure or the cohesion-tension theory MORE important in supplying water to the leaf? (b) explain the difference in the driving force of water ascent between root pressure and cohesion tension.
- Movement of phloem sap from a source to a sink(A) occurs through the apoplast of sieve-tube elements.(B) depends ultimately on the activity of proton pumps.(C) depends on tension, or negative pressure potential.(D) results mainly from diffusion.A tobacco plant has successfully fended off plant pathogen via hypersensitive response (HR). (i) What would you be able to observe on the plant and explain the processes that happened at cellular level? What are the benefits for the tobacco plant that has developed systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in comparison to HR? (ii) (ii) Name the chemical compounds responsible in triggering SAR and how would this signal be transmitted?What is the habit of growth of stem of (a.) potato (b.) onion (c.) turnip?