hydrogens on a carbon adjacent to a carbonyl group are farmore acidic than those not adjacent to a carbonyl group. The anion derived from acetone,for example, is more stable than is the anion derived from ethane. Account for the greaterstability of the anion from acetone.CH,ČCH, HCH,CH, HAcetoneEthanepK, 20.2pK, 51

Answered: hydrogens on a carbon adjacent to a…

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter14: Acids And Bases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 63QRT

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Similar questions

In each of the following acid-base reactions, identify the Brnsted acid and base on the left and their conjugate partners on the right. (a) C2H5N(aq) + CH3CO2H(aq) C5H5NH+(aq) + CH3CO2(aq) (b) N2H4(aq) + HSO4(aq) N2H5+(aq) + SO42(aq) (c) [Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + OH(aq) [Al(H2O)5OH]2+ (aq) + H2O+()
Salicylic acid, HOC6H4CO2H, and its derivatives have been used as pain relievers for a long time. Salicylic acid occurs in small amounts in the leaves, bark, and roots of some vegetation (most notably historically in the bark of the willow tree). Extracts of these plants have been used as medications for centuries. The acid was first isolated in the laboratory in 1838. (a) Bath functional groups of salicylic acid ionize in water, with Ka=1.0103 for the—CO2H group and 4.201013 for the -OH group. What is the pH of a saturated solution of the acid (solubility = 1.8 g/L).. (b) Aspirin was discovered as a result of efforts to produce a derivative of salicylic acid that would not be irritating to the stomach lining. Aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid, CH3CO2C6H4CO2H. The -CO2H functional group is still present, but its acidity is reduced, Ka=3.0104. What is the pH of a solution of aspirin with the same concentration as a saturated solution of salicylic acid (See Part a). (c) Under some conditions, aspirin reacts with water and forms a solution of salicylic acid and acetic acid: CH3CO2C6H4CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)HOC6H4CO2H(aq)+CH3CO2H(aq) i. Which of the acids, salicylic acid or acetic acid, produces more hydronium ions in such a solution? ii. What are the concentrations of molecules and ions in a solution produced by the hydrolysis of 0.50 g of aspirin dissolved in enough water to give 75 mL of solution?
How is acid strength related to the value of Ka? What is the difference between strong acids and weak acids (see Table 13-1)? As the strength of an acid increases, what happens to the strength of the conjugate base? How is base strength related to the value of Kb? As the strength of a base increases, what happens to the strength of the conjugate acid?
75. A conjugate acid-base pair Consists of two substances related by the donating and accepting of a(n) ________
Which has the larger numerical value? (a) The pKa of a strong acid or the pKa of a weak acid (b) The Ka of a strong acid or the Ka of a weak acid
Several acids and their respective equilibrium constants are: Which is the strongest acid? Which is the weakest acid? Which acid has the weakest conjugate base? Which acid has the strongest conjugate base?
Consider these acids (a) Arrange the acids in order of increasing acid strength from weakest to strongest. (b) Which acid has the smallest pKa value?
Complete a net ionic equation for each proton-transfer reaction using curved arrows to show the flow of electron pairs in each reaction. In addition, write Lewis structures for all starting materials and products. Label the original acid and its conjugate base; label the original base and its conjugate acid. If you are uncertain about which substance in each equation is the proton donor, refer to Table 4.1 for the relative strengths of proton acids. (a) NH3+HCl (b) CH3CH2O+HCl (c) HCO3+OH (d) CH3COO+NH4+
Consider the following four biological solutions: (1) bile, pH 8.0, (2) blood, pH 7.4, (3) urine, pH 6.0, and (4) gastric juice, pH 1.6. a. Which solution has the lowest [H3O+]? b. Which solution has the lowest [OH]? c. List the solutions in order of decreasing acidity. d. List the solutions in order of increasing basicity.

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