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- Write the nuclear equation for the positron decay of C-11.Radiation a) During a workday a worker was discovered to have consumed 1/3 gallon of water contaminated with 2.5 kBq/liter of I-131. Estimate the committed effective dose equivalent (whole body) and organ (thyroid) dose to a reference person. For the whole body dose, calculate in two ways using dose conversion factors and also in relation to the ALI. Show your work. b) An investigation revealed that a worker unknowingly ingested Polonium 210 (form Y). A 24 hour fecal sample measured three months after ingestion contained 5.4 µCi Po- 210. Estimate the committed effective dose equivalent to a reference person.A chest x-ray exposes you to roughly 40 millirems of radiation. How many chest x- rays would you need to get in order to increase your lifetime risk of cancer by approximately 1%? 6. 62 625 6250
- 238. 234. 14) Uranium-238 ( 92") decays to form thorium-234 ( 90 h) with a half-life of 4.5 x 10° years. How many years will it take for 75% of the uranium-238 to decay? а) 9.0х 10 years с) 9.0х10° years b) 4.5 x 10° years d). 3.8 х 10° усаrsWhy do doctors not accept HMO?Po-210 is an alpha emitter with a half-life of 138 days. Howmany grams of Po-210 remain after 552 days if the sampleinitially contained 5.80 g of Po-210?
- A 10.00 mg sample of technetium-93 (92.91024898 u) is used to heat 125.4 g of water from 23.4 degree C to 87.4 degree C. How many minutes will be required to heat the water if all of the energy generated from the decay is used to heat the water?Question 8 a) Explain what is meant by "somatic effects" of radiation exposure. b) Explain how the somatic effects of radiation may vary with the level of exposure an individual receives. c) Explain what is meant by "hereditary effects" of radiation exposure. [Suggested word count 200] [3.2]The energy released from fission is about 200 MeV per fission event or 3.2-10-11 J per 235U nucleus. The fission of 1 g of 235U generates about 1 MW of thermal power; thus, a reactor that contains 1 kg of 235U fuel generates about 1 GW (109 W). If the reactor core is immersed in a heat bath containing 8.7.105 liters of water (12 m x 6 m x 12 m) initially at 25°C, how long will it take for the water to begin to boil off? Assume that the heat capacity of water is constant and that there is no heat lost from the reactor coolant to the surroundings.
- Find the approximate radiation dose (in mSv) for 0.1 Gy exposure to thermal neutrons. (Hint: relative biological effectiveness for various types of radiation can be found in Table 32.2 in the text.) A range of answers is acceptable.Technetium-99m (99m Tc) is a radioactive isotope commonly used in medical diagnosis. It emits gamma rays with a half-life of 6.0058 hours. A sample with activity 8.5 × 108 Bq is injected into a patient What percentage of this activity will remain after 28 hours? Give your answer as a percentage to 1 decimal place. Percentage of activity remaining: %What is nuclear pollution?