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How far from Neptune must a space probe be along a line toward the Sun so that the Sun's gravitational pull on the probe balances Neptune's pull? (Use data from Appendix C.)
2.6e5
km
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Transcribed Image Text:How far from Neptune must a space probe be along a line toward the Sun so that the Sun's gravitational pull on the probe balances Neptune's pull? (Use data from Appendix C.) 2.6e5 km
A PPE N DIX
SOME ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Some Distances from Earth
To the Moon*
3.82 x 10° m
To the center of our galaxy
To the Andromeda Galaxy
2.2 x 10 m
To the Sun*
1.50 x 10" m
2.1 x 102 m
To the nearest star (Proxima Centauri)
4.04 x 101 m
To the edge of the observable universe
-10 m
*Mean distance.
The Sun, Earth, and the Moon
Property
Unit
Sun
Earth
Мoon
1.99 x 10
6.96 x 10
Mass
kg
5.98 х 104
7.36 x 102
Mean radius
6.37 x 10
1.74 x 10
m
kg/m
m/s
Mean density
1410
5520
3340
Free-fall acceleration at the surface
274
9.81
1.67
Escape velocity
km/s
618
11.2
2.38
37 d at poles 26 d at equator
3.90 x 10
Period of rotation"
23 h 56 min
27.3 d
Radiation power
"Measured with respect to the distant stars.
"The Sun, a ball of gas, does not rotate as a rigid body.
Just outside Earth's atmosphere solar energy is received, assuming normal incidence, at the rate of 1340 W/m.
Some Properties of the Planets
Mercury Venus
Earth
Мars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Mean distance from Sun,
57.9
108
150
228
778
1430
2870
4500
5900
10° km
Period of revolution, y
0.241
0.615
1.00
1.88
11.9
29.5
84.0
165
248
Period of rotation," d
58.7
-243
0.997
1.03
0.409
0.426
-0.451
0.658
6.39
Orbital speed, km/s
47.9
35.0
29.8
24.1
13.1
9.64
6.81
5.43
4.74
Inclination of axis to orbit
<28
-3°
23.4
25.0°
3.08
26.7°
97.9°
29.6°
57.5°
Inclination of orbit to
7.00
3.39
1.85°
1.30°
2.49°
0.77°
1.77°
17.2
Earth's orbit
Eccentricity of orbit
0.206
0.0068
0.0167
0.0934
0.0485
0.0556
0.0472
0.0086
0.250
Equatorial diameter, km
4880
12 100
12 800
6790
143 000
120 000
51 800
49 500
2300
Mass (Earth = 1)
0.0558
0.815
1.000
0.107
318
95.1
14.5
17.2
0.002
Density (water = 1)
5.60
5.20
5.52
3.95
1.31
0.704
1.21
1.67
2.03
Surface value of g." m/s
3.78
8.60
9.78
3.72
22.9
9.05
7.77
11.0
0.5
Escape velocity," km/s
4.3
10.3
11.2
5.0
59.5
35.6
21.2
23.6
1.3
Known satellites
1
2
67 + ring
62 + rings
27 + rings 13 + rings
4
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Transcribed Image Text:A PPE N DIX SOME ASTRONOMICAL DATA Some Distances from Earth To the Moon* 3.82 x 10° m To the center of our galaxy To the Andromeda Galaxy 2.2 x 10 m To the Sun* 1.50 x 10" m 2.1 x 102 m To the nearest star (Proxima Centauri) 4.04 x 101 m To the edge of the observable universe -10 m *Mean distance. The Sun, Earth, and the Moon Property Unit Sun Earth Мoon 1.99 x 10 6.96 x 10 Mass kg 5.98 х 104 7.36 x 102 Mean radius 6.37 x 10 1.74 x 10 m kg/m m/s Mean density 1410 5520 3340 Free-fall acceleration at the surface 274 9.81 1.67 Escape velocity km/s 618 11.2 2.38 37 d at poles 26 d at equator 3.90 x 10 Period of rotation" 23 h 56 min 27.3 d Radiation power "Measured with respect to the distant stars. "The Sun, a ball of gas, does not rotate as a rigid body. Just outside Earth's atmosphere solar energy is received, assuming normal incidence, at the rate of 1340 W/m. Some Properties of the Planets Mercury Venus Earth Мars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto Mean distance from Sun, 57.9 108 150 228 778 1430 2870 4500 5900 10° km Period of revolution, y 0.241 0.615 1.00 1.88 11.9 29.5 84.0 165 248 Period of rotation," d 58.7 -243 0.997 1.03 0.409 0.426 -0.451 0.658 6.39 Orbital speed, km/s 47.9 35.0 29.8 24.1 13.1 9.64 6.81 5.43 4.74 Inclination of axis to orbit <28 -3° 23.4 25.0° 3.08 26.7° 97.9° 29.6° 57.5° Inclination of orbit to 7.00 3.39 1.85° 1.30° 2.49° 0.77° 1.77° 17.2 Earth's orbit Eccentricity of orbit 0.206 0.0068 0.0167 0.0934 0.0485 0.0556 0.0472 0.0086 0.250 Equatorial diameter, km 4880 12 100 12 800 6790 143 000 120 000 51 800 49 500 2300 Mass (Earth = 1) 0.0558 0.815 1.000 0.107 318 95.1 14.5 17.2 0.002 Density (water = 1) 5.60 5.20 5.52 3.95 1.31 0.704 1.21 1.67 2.03 Surface value of g." m/s 3.78 8.60 9.78 3.72 22.9 9.05 7.77 11.0 0.5 Escape velocity," km/s 4.3 10.3 11.2 5.0 59.5 35.6 21.2 23.6 1.3 Known satellites 1 2 67 + ring 62 + rings 27 + rings 13 + rings 4
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