1. a) How does this experiment demonstrate the definition of evolution? b) Fitness of organisms is a function of the environment (that is, organisms best fit to the local environmental conditions leave more surviving offspring). How does this experiment demonstrate this fact? Initial set-up:course gravel, no predatorfine gravel, no predatorfewer than 15fewer than 15generations of selectiongenerations of selectionDownload the two graphics above from the Image library.Without predators, there was sexual selection for male guppies that stood out from their background andattracted the attention of the females.View thie article opline at For thousands of years, humans have been influencing evolution, through changes we have caused in theenvironment – and through artificial selection in the domestication of plants and animals. In many cases,scientists have carefully documented evolution through artificial selection in the lab.The spots on guppies can be manipulatedthrough artificial selection.John Endler performed experiments in microevolution, allowing artificial selection to manipulate the spots onguppies. Guppy spots are largely genetically controlled. Spots that help the guppy blend in with itssurroundings protect it from predation - but spots that make it stand out help it attract mates. Endler set upsimilar populations of guppies in artificial ponds in the laboratory. Ponds varied in the coarseness of gravel onthe bottom and all ponds had predators. Below is a simplified representation of Endler's experiment.Initial set-up:course gravel, predator presentfine gravel, predator presentfewer than 15generations of selectionfewer than 15generations of selectionAfter fewer than 15 generations of selection, the markings of guppies in different ponds had substantiallydiverged as a result of natural selection. In the presence of predators, guppies evolved to blend in with theirbackground.Endler then performed another experiment, with the same pond set-ups but without predators.

Name: 1. a) How does this experiment demonstrate the definition of evolution
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Description: 1. a) How does this experiment demonstrate the definition of evolution? b) Fitness of organisms is a function of the environment (that is, organisms best fit to the local environmental conditions leave more surviving offspring). How does this experim

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How does this experiment demonstrate the definition of evolution? b) Fitness of organisms is a function of the environment (that is, organisms best fit to the local environmental conditions leave more surviving offspring). How does this experiment demonstrate this fact?

How does this experiment demonstrate the definition of evolution? b) Fitness of organisms is a function of the environment (that is, organisms best fit to the local environmental conditions leave more surviving offspring). How does this experiment demonstrate this fact?

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter13: An Introduction To Genetic Technology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3CS

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The dog breed West Highland Terrier is a product of artificial selection. Give a brief description of the breed and its desired traits. What wild ancestor did it come from? Was it produced with selective breeding or genetic engineering (i.e. genetically modified)? What are the benefits of artificial selection in this case? Are there potential negative consequences?
Choose an organism that is a product of artificial selection. Give a brief description of your organism and its desired traits. What wild ancestor did it come from? Was it produced with selective breeding or genetic engineering (i.e. genetically modified)? What are the benefits of artificial selection in this case? Are there potential negative consequences?
Lamarck was an early naturalist who published his own ideas about species changing over time. He, however was mistaken about one critical aspect of evolution. If you could travel back in time what advice would you give Lamarck to correct his misunderstanding? Tell him that species actually do change and evolve over time Tell him that traits acquired during an organisms life are not passed on to offspring Tell him that artificial selection does not lead to new varieties of plants and animals Tell him that characteristics are heritable: Parents do pass on their characteristics to their offspring
Identifying genes like HMGA2 is important, because it is evidence of natural selection. How does it demonstrate that natural selection occurred in Darwin’s finches? Scientists mutate and modify the gene in the lab to see how changes might occur to the organism. Scientists identify different forms of the gene in individuals from the same species and observe how it shows up as a trait. Scientists study similar genes that also impact the same traits to see how they work together and influence one another. Scientists observe the frequency of the different forms of the gene and how it changes in response to the environment. Need some help on this one.
Natural selection and artificial selection or selective breeding can both cause changes in animals and plants. The difference between the two is that natural selection happens naturally, but selective breeding only occurs when humans intervene. Changes in genetic traits have occurred over generations through both natural selection and selective breeding although the occur through different means. What characterizes only artificial selection? Choose all that apply. A) chickens that lay larger eggs are favored B) selection increases the chances of surviving C) selection make a species stronger and fit for survival D) selection favors the desired characters in the new organisms
How might an evolutionary biologist explain why a species of salamander becomes blind after colonizing a cave? Group of answer choices Members of the ancestral population that colonized the cave differed in their ability to see. If maintaining the ability to see in the cave was a waste of energy, blind salamanders might actually have more offspring than those who could see. It is possible that in the cave there is a source of pollution that increases the mutation rate for a gene that makes salamanders blind. Over time, due to exposure to this chemical, the membersof the population lose their sight. There is no way to explain this in terms of natural selection. The members of this salamander species no longer needed to use their eyes. Over time, due to lack of use, they lost the ability to see.
A farmer uses DDT to kill insects in his field. The first year nearly all of the insects were killed. By the fourth year, however, nearly all of the insects survived the DDT treatment. Explain the process of natural selection in this population of insects. Include these words - mutation, phenotype, variation, resistance, adaptation, and differential survival.
Using the concepts of variability, environmental pressure and natural selection how does the synthetic theory explain the darwinian natural selection?
One problem with this line of criticism is that it is difficult to distinguish good forms of manipulating nature from unacceptable ones. Some critics of GMOs argue that we ought to leave species as we find them, and that it is the cross-species transfers of genetic material involved in some GMOs that make them unacceptable. One problem with this objection is that similar transfers have occurred in nature—from basic plant genetics to the long-term patterns of evolution. Please explain what does it mean
Background: In class we did a project about m and m’s and there ability to evolve and natural selection. (Yes I know they can’t actually evolve it was just used as a example in class) however I can’t figure out this question. Occasionally a mutant may occur and produce a candy that is misshapen or Pointier or flatter than the rest. Often this proves to be a weakness, but a rare mutation may confer extra M&M durability. Other mutations in M&Ms could occur ( like ones that result in a new color). A mutant un you population represents a new _________. What goes in the blank
Enlarge Image 100 Mutation causes variation Conditions do not favor some mutations Survivors reproduce Change in conditions do not favor some traits Survivors reproduce 1) This model shows the process of natural selection on rabbits demonstrating variation in fur color over several generations. Using the model, what most likely led to the loss of white furred rabbits in the population? A) XB) C) The white rabbits did not reproduce fast enough to survive. White was a recessive trait and therefore not passed on to any offspring. The white fur was a favorable trait but was never prevalent in the population. The rabbits with white fur had less camouflage in D) the environment and were more easily preyed on by predators. 2) If this model continues, with no major changes to the environment, what do you expect to happen? XA) Rabbits will continue to get lighter over time.
Do you think the human race is continuing to evolve in a Darwinian, genetic sense? Are the genes of our species changing? Do not just write "yes" or "no," but explain why you think so. In addition, include in your explanation of how the mechanisms of evolution, such as natural selection, would be at play.