How does the lowering HCO3− concentrations inside redblood cells affect CO2 transport?

Q: The small capillaries in the lungs are in close contact with the alveoli. A red blood cell takes up…

A: Diffusion coefficient: Diffusion coefficient is considered as the measure of ability for a molecule…

Q: Explain why 02 can pass through the plasma membrande but ions must use transmembrane proteins

A: Oxygen & carbon dioxide get across cell layers by means of simple diffusion, a cycle that needs…

Q: At 100% HbO2 saturation, all possible O2 binding sites are (bound or free)

A: Introduction: There is a high regulation of Oxygen within the human body as the condition of…

Q: The carbonic acid equilibria are shown below. Tissues that are aerobically active produce CO2. This…

A: Blood is a medium of transport for O2 and CO2. About 97% of oxygen is transported by RBCs in blood.…

Q: How does extracellular Ca2+ enter the cytosol?

A: Ion channels are the proteins that are spanned in the membrane. These proteins allow the movement of…

Q: What do you mean by chloride-channel gene?

A: Introduction Chloride channels are a group of ion channels that are specialized for the ion…

Q: What coenzymes or cofactors, amino acids, and structural features are present at the ligand or…

A: Myoglobin is a protein found in striated muscles, which include skeletal (bone and tendon-attached)…

Q: Draw cell membrane showing Na- H exchange and give name of exchange?

A: The sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 [NHE1] is a ubiquitously expressed plasma membrane protein…

Q: Compare and Contrast the Nernst’s equation to GHK equation.

A: The electrical potential difference across the cell membrane which exactly balances the…

Q: HCPCS Level I

A: HCPCS denotes Health care Common Procedure Coding System.   HCPCS is a standardised coding system…

Q: c) Discuss 'antigenic drift' and 'antigenic shift' in the influenza virus and explain how such…

A: Introduction Influenza, or "the flu," is a virus that causes respiratory illness caused by Influenza…

Q: What would happen to the H+ gradient if the inner mitochondrial membrane was perforated (punctured)?

A: The inner mitochondria is the site for oxidative phosphorylation where the step by step transfer of…

Q: Which variable in Fick's Law corresponds with PO2 levels and why?

A: It is a law of diffusion of gas, given by Adolf Fick in 1855.  Diffusion is the process of movement…

Q: In hindsight, which aspects of the HMP were well controlled forand which were not?

A: Hexose monophosphate shunt or the pentose phosphate pathway is a biochemical process happening…

Q: Define CDKs phosphorylate

A: According to the question, we have to provide the definition of CDKs phosphorylate. So, let us have…

Q: How does extracellular Ca2+ enter the cytosol?

A: These proteins allow the movement of ions into and out of the cell. These ion channels are open and…

Q: Interpret the effect of hyperkalemia with reference to Goldman’s equation. a) What happens to rate…

A: Introduction  Hyperkalemia refers to a condition in which there is an elevated level of potassium…

Q: What is the relationship between plasma glucose concentration and excretion rate of glucose? How…

A: The concentration of glucose that is present in the circulation is considered as the plasma glucose…

Q: Explain major extracellular buffer is the CO2/HCO3 2 system?

A: A buffer solution is any solution that contains a mixture of weak acid and its conjugate base or…

Q: What is Osmotic pressure ? Why it is used ?

A: The term ‘osmosis’ refers to the movement of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane from…

Q: How does active transport help mediate surface area to volume ratio constraints?

A: Active transport means the transport of molecules across the cell membrane by using energy or…

Q: What are the major transport mechanisms for CO2? Explain

A: Carbon-dioxide is transported by three mechanisms. Cells involved in CO2 transportation are plasma…

Q: What chemical is the acceptor of carbon dioxide in the C3 cycle? What enzyme catalyzes the reaction,…

A: The conversion of carbon dioxide to glucose through a cyclical process is known as C3 cycle or…

Q: during pneumonia, a layer of fluid accumulates in the aveoli adding a layer to the distance O2 has…

A: Pneumonia is a disease of the lungs  induced by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. The disorder results in…

Q: 2,3 BPG is an allosteric effector that decrease haemoglobin affinity for oxygen by stabilizing the…

A: Hemoglobin is an allosteric protein that carries oxygen from lungs to other body tissues and carbon…

Q: Given the difficulty in conducting a manipulative experiment to identify the effects of elevated CO2…

A: Global warming is a phenomenon in which the earth's temperature rises constantly due to greenhouse…

Q: Describe the structure, isoforms and regulations of the PMCA pump

A: The maintenance of low levels of calcium ions in the cytoplasm of cells is important for the proper…

Q: 100 80 75 HbA 60 Black line shows normal O2 dissociation curve for HbA S 50 - A K 40 - В 20 - 3.5 10…

A: Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve indicates the relationship between the oxygen saturation of…

Q: where and how would hyaluronidase most likely act to break down HA?

A: The enzyme hyaluronidase, which breaks down hyaluronic acid, has long been utilised to improve drug…

Q: TSI tubes indicate K/a and sulfide production

A:

Q: How many centimeters

A: Answer: ERYTHROCYTES are Red blood cells ehich in humans typically, a biconcave disc without a…

Q: Under what circumstances could ions flow through anion channel from a region of lower ion…

A: Passive transport is defined as a transport which does not involve ATP for energy but totally…

Q: Is the movement of sodium through SGlut-1 during co-transport simple diffusion, facilitated…

A: Simple diffusion is a type of passive transport along the concentration gradient. Facilitated…

Q: how does ethanol affect cell transport process?

A: The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins and cholesterol molecules…

Q: Flying insects use a tracheal system to deliver oxygen directly to their tissues to support their…

A: In Tracheal system the insect has a air filled tube system which is distributed throughout the body…

Q: P element mobilization is regulated bywhat ?

A: Transposons or transposable elements are the segments within the DNA that change their location from…

Q: 14 The membrane shown in Fig. Pl-4 is permeable to all three ions. The pump is [KCI), (KCI)2 [NaCI),…

A: INTRODUCTION Chloride ions are excreted down their electrochemical gradient via a Cl− channel on the…

Q: how does pyelonephritis affect cellular regulation

A: The objective of this question is to understand the impact of pyelonephritis, a type of urinary…

Q: How does renal compensation affect blood plasma levels of HCO3– ? How does respiratory compensation…

A: Renal compensation Renal compensation is a regulatory mechanism in which the pH of the plasma is…

Hematology

Hematology is the branch of biology. Hematology is the medical field that deals with the treatment of blood disorders and cancers, such as hemophilia, leukemia, lymphoma, and sickle-cell anemia. Hematologists and hematopathologists are medical professionals who specialize in illnesses of the blood and its components.