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Name: 1. How does induction control enzyme synthesis using lactose operon? 2
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Description: 1. How does induction control enzyme synthesis using lactose operon? 2. Describe how level of a key metabolite [tryptophane] controls the gene function using tryptophane operon

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Biology

How does induction control enzyme synthesis using lactose operon? 2. Describe how level of a key metabolite [tryptophane] controls the gene function using tryptophane operon

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter14: Gene Regulation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13TYU: INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that would explain the behavior of each of the following...

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1. Utilizing lactose operon, how can we explain how induction controls enzyme synthesis 2. Use tryptophane operon and describe how levels of a key metabolite/tryptophane controls the gene function
28. Which statement does NOT explain why the lac operon would not be effectively regulated by an attenuation mechanism like the trp operon? 1.Lactose is a substrate for the lac operon protein products. 2.Products of lac operon enzymes are not used in protein synthesis. 3.Transcription and translation do not happen simultaneously for the lac operon. 4.Attenuation is a suitable regulatory mechanism for anabolic amino acid pathways. 5.All of these statements explain why regulation by attenuation would not be effective for the lac operon.
10. Think about the situation where there is an increased concentration of both glucose and allolactose in the media. Does this situation lead to the lac operon activation or not? Justify your answer? 11. Draw the structure of lac operon and its action when the following conditions are prevailing in the media: increased glucose, low glucose, higher c-AMP, low c-AMP, higher glucose, and high c-AMP, low glucose and High c-AMP, Higher glucose and higher allolactose? please assist with the above two questions
1. A. A mutation in E. coli is found that fails to induce the arabinose operon. Upon further investigation, it is found that this mutant also is unable to induce the lac operon. Which of the following single mutations could explain this phenotype (you may choose one or more answers a) Mutation in the promoter of the ara operon b) Mutation in the promoter of the lac operon c) Mutation in the operator of the lac operon d) Mutation in the AraC protein for the ara operon e) Mutation in the repressor of the lac operon f) Mutation in the Y gene for Lac permease g) Mutation in the gene for adenylate cyclase h) Mutation in the gene for CAP (or CRP) protein i) Mutation in the gene for rho factor j) None of the above B. Briefly explain the reasons for your choice(s)
4. What are the effects of the following conditions on Lac operon of bacteria?A)Glucose is absent and lactose is presentB)Glucose is present and lactose is presentC) Glucose is present and lactose is absent
1. Please tell me: What's a mutation in moleculer terms? 2. When a mutation deletes a base in genomic DNA, how does it affect the expression product production and reading frame? 3. How does induction control enzyme synthesis using lactose operon?
3. Which of the following is NOT true about the lac operon? I) The lac operon is use to help breakdown lactose II) The lac operon is deemed as a "leaky" operon due to its promoter III) Allolactose binds to the repressor so they can bind to the operator together IV) lacI gene and the lacZ gene are under the control of the same promoter A) I and II B) III C) IV D) III and IV E) I and III
5. There are four genes in the FAK operon. a. How many mRNAs are encoded by this operon? b. The FAK operon has a weak promoter, where RNA polymerase does not bind well. What type of molecule could directly help RNA polymerase to bind more tightly to this promoter? i. An inducer 6. Consider the Lac operon of E. coli, which is normally expressed only when lactose is present and glucose absent. You identify a mutant strain of bacteria in which Lacz, Lacy, and LacA, are expressed in the absence of glucose, whether or not lactose is present. a. ii. An activator iii. A promoter iv. A repressor v. A ligand C. Assume that one mutation causes this mis-regulation. Which interaction must be disrupted by this mutation? i. Interaction between RNA polymerase and the lac promoter ii. Interaction between Lacl protein and the lac operator (its binding site) Interaction between CRP and CAMP Interaction between CRP-CAMP (aka CAP) its binding site adjacent to lac operon Interaction between Lacl protein…
INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that would explain the behavior of each of the following types of mutants in E. coli. Mutant a: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if large amounts of tryptophan are present in the growth medium. Mutant b: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells do not produce any enzymes coded for by the trp operon under any conditions. Mutant c: The map position of this mutation is some distance from the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if the growth medium contains large amounts of tryptophan.
2. The lac operon controls the inducible expression of genes involved in lactose utilization. Several naturally occurring mutations have been discovered that affect how the lac operon operates. Consider the following mutations: I-= a mutation in the repressor protein that cannot bind the operator Is = a mutation in the repressor protein that cannot be removed from the operator Oc= a mutation in the operator that cannot bind the repressor Detail the functionality of the lac operon with following genotypes and cellular conditions (Note if there is no superscript, there is no mutation) Genotype I, O I, OC IS, O I, O Is, Oc Lactose present No No Yes Yes No Repressed (yes/no) N VAS ves NO Constitutive (yes/no) NO NO YES Yes NO Inducible (yes/no) Yes yes NO NO YUS
1. A)Explain the mechanism by which the lac operon is sensitive to glucose levels (presence and absence of glucose). B)If glucose levels in the cell are high and lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?
24. What statement is NOT true regarding transcription attenuation of amino acid biosynthetic operons? 1.The leader peptide will contain multiple instances of the amino acid produced by the operon. 2.Transcription attenuation will always be accompanied by other positive or negative regulatory mechanisms. 3.Trancription will be reduced under conditions where concentration of the amino acid produced by the operon is high. 4.Synthesis of the leader peptide depends on the concentration of the aminoacylated tRNA, not the amino acid directly. 5.All of these statements are true.