How do cyclotrons produce ra
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How do cyclotrons produce radionuclides?
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- Why is the density of nuclear excited states larger for higher excitation energies?A beam of alpha particles is incident on a target of lead. A particular alpha particle comes in “head-on” to a particular lead nucleu and stops 6.50 * 10-14 m away from the center of the nucleus. (This point is well outside the nucleus.) Assume that the lead nucleus, which has 82 protons, remains at rest. The mass of the alpha particle is 6.64 * 10-27 kg. (a) Calculate the electrostatic potential energy at the instant that the alpha particle stops. Express your result in joules and in MeV. (b) What initial kinetic energy (in joules and in MeV) did the alpha particle have? (c) What was the initial speed of the alpha particle?Please answer correctly
- 28 Determine the separation energy for the Si a) of an electron Ei a proton Sp c) a neutron SnWhat are isotopes? Why do different isotopes of the same element have similar chemistries?Protons enter a region of electric field where the potential difference between where the protons enter and exit is +5×106 volts (5 MV). Assuming the initial energy of the protons was negligible, how much energy does the proton gain? What if we had a fully ionized carbon-12 nucleus instead?
- 6. One form of nuclcar radiation, beta decay, occurs when a neutron changes into a proton, an clectron, and a neutral particle called an antineutrino: n → p+ + e¯ +Ve, where ve is the symbol for an antincutrino. When this change happens to a neutron within the nucleus of an atom, the proton remains behind in the nucleus while the clectron and neutrino are ejected from the nucleus. The ejected electron is called a beta particle. One nucleus that exhibits beta decay is the isotope of hydrogen ³H, called tritium, whose nucleus consists of one proton (making it hydrogen) and two neutrons (giving tritium an atomic mass m = 3u). Tritium is radioactive, and it decays to helium: 3H → *He + e¯+Ve• (a) Is charge conserved in the beta decay process? Explain. (b) Why is the final product a helium atom? Explain. (c) The nuclei of both 3H and 3He have radii of 1.5 x 10 15 speed must the electron be ejected if it is to escape from the nucleus and not fall back? m. With what minimum1A deuteron is accelerated from rest through a 5-kV potential difference and then moves perpendicularly to a uniform magnetic field with B = 1.2 T. What is the radius of the resulting circular path? (deuteron: m = 3.3 x 10-27kg, q = 1.6 x 10-19C)