How did race relations and government policies towards African-Americans change between 1865 and 1900?

The 19th century America had two different sides in its first and later half. The majority of Afro-Americans were subjected to slavery, forced to work in farms across the continent in the first half of the 1800's. They were denied basic civil rights by their owners and therefore small acts of defiance began to show in the decades nearing the Civil War. The minority free Afro-Americans living in the urban cities played a major role in the upcoming Abolition movement for the Black people's emancipation. 

The Sentiments behind the Independence movement and Equality for all was forgotten and slave trade was a major business although banned by the Congress in 1808.