Hot and cold liquids are mixed at the junction of two pipes. The temperature of the resulting mixture is to be controlled using a control valve on the hot stream.The dynamics of the mixing process, control valve, and temperature sensor/transmitter are negligible and the sensor-transmitter gain is 6 mA/mA. Because the temperature sensoris located well downstream of the junction, an 8 s time delay occurs. There are no heat losses/gains for the downstream pipe.(a)Draw a block diagram for the closed-loop system.(b)Determine the Ziegler–Nichols settings (continuous cycling method) for both PI and PID controllers.(c)For each controller, simulate the closed-loop responses for a unit step change in set point.(d)Does the addition of derivative control action provide a significant improvement? Justify your answer.

1. You have been recently hired by a large Engineering & Construction company. The company has already prepared the following three principal diagrams; block flow, process flow, and piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&ID). Upon review, you came across a number of issues listed below. Explain what changes, if any, would have to be made to the three principal diagrams. a. The reactor outlet temperature has been incorrectly specified. b. The steam requirement for a heater was calculated incorrectly and is now 20% lower than before. c. Several globe valves have been added to the plant to facilitate manual control in case of issues with the control valves. d. There is a change in the control strategy for a distillation tower bottom level. It has been decided that the level of the distillation tower will be controlled by regulating an existing control valve at the feed line to the tower rather than the tower bottom outlet flowrate. e. A heat exchanger has been eliminated. 2. What type of…

standard Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR), fitted with the Rushton Turbine, is containing water at 140 ° C. The vessel diameter is 0.3 m and the impeller speed is 120 rpm. i) Find the specific power requirement. ii) Calculate the impeller speed, if the volume of the reactor increases by 64 times and having the constant specific power. iii) Explain the STR is adequate or not.