HIEU322: Roman Civilization (D01) Please comparing and contrasting the arguments of ancient historians Polybius and Livy regarding the causes and origins of the Second Punic War. You should define and distinguish between causes and origins and use quotes if needed.

The Second Punic War became one of the largest conflicts in historical record, and its causes and origins were debated by historians for centuries. Two of the most vital historical resources for this struggle are the Greek historian Polybius (c. 203–a hundred and twenty BCE) and the Roman historian Livy (59 BCE–17 CE).Polybius: Polybius was a Greek historian who wrote a comprehensive account of the Second Punic War. He changed into a present day of the war, and he had got right of entry to both Roman and Carthaginian sources. Polybius diagnosed three major causes of the struggle: The wrath of the Barcids :The Barcids were a Carthaginian family who had been determined to avenge their father, Hamilcar Barca, who had died in the First Punic War. Hannibal, the most famous of the Barcids, changed into mainly eager to go to warfare with Rome.The lack of Sardinia and Corsica: Sardinia and Corsica were islands that had been ceded to Rome via Carthage at the end of the First Punic War. The Carthaginians resented this loss, and they hoped to regain these islands during the Second Punic War.The fulfillment of the Carthaginians in Spain: Under Hannibal's management, the Carthaginians had completed splendid success in Spain. This fulfillment had alarmed the Romans, who feared that the Carthaginians would emerge as too powerful in the Iberian Peninsula.LivyLivy became a Roman historian who wrote a big record of Rome from its founding to the reign of Augustus. He lived over a century after the Second Punic War, and he depended on a variety of assets for his account of the battle. Livy diagnosed four foremost causes of the war:The wrath of Hannibal: Livy agreed with Polybius that Hannibal's preference for revenge turned into a primary purpose of the warfare. He also emphasised Hannibal's non-public ambition and his perception that he changed into destined to conquer Rome.The Carthaginian desire for growth: Livy believed that the Carthaginians were fundamentally imperialistic and they were determined to increase their strength in the Mediterranean. He noticed the Second Punic War as a continuation of the First Punic War, which had been fought over the manage of Sicily and Sardinia.The Roman fear of Carthaginian energy: Livy also emphasised the Roman fear of Carthaginian strength. He believed that the Romans had been justified in going to battle with Carthage, as they had been appearing in self-defense.The seizure of Saguntum: Saguntum turned into a Spanish city that had an alliance with Rome. In 219 BCE, Hannibal captured Saguntum, which turned into a clean violation of Roman territory. Livy saw the seizure of Saguntum as the instant motive of the Second Punic War.Polybius and Livy agree on numerous of the causes of the Second Punic War, together with the wrath of Hannibal, the Carthaginian preference for enlargement, and the Roman fear of Carthaginian electricity. However, they differ on a few crucial factors.Polybius emphasizes the role of individual actors, including of Hannibal and Hamilcar Barca, in inflicting warfare. Livy, then again, takes a more structural view, arguing that the war was inevitable given the underlying contention between Rome and Carthage.Polybius additionally sees the seizure of Saguntum as the beginning of the struggle, rather than a cause of the conflict. Livy, alternatively, sees the seizure of Saguntum as the immediate purpose of the war.Definition of reason and starting place In the context of records, a motive is an event or element that contributes to the outbreak of a struggle or other conflict. A foundation is the beginning or starting line of something. The reasons of a warfare can be lengthy and complex, at the same time as the origin of a struggle may be a specific occasion that triggers the outbreak of hostilities.Quotes: Here are a few prices from Polybius and Livy on the reasons of the Second Punic War: PolybiusPolybius stated, "The real origin of this contest became no longer the Saguntum affair however the fear and jealousy harbored by means of the 2 leading powers of the day."He additionally stated, "The Romans and the Carthaginians had now ceased to be buddies in Italy or Africa; they have been rivals in a world-extensive struggle for common supremacy."Livy Livy wrote, "Saguntum is the reason for the Punic War. There, Hannibal first fouled the treaty by means of his assault on that city."He also referred to, "The Saguntines, after standing siege and enduring widespread struggling, had sent an embassy to Rome, praying for help, and imparting to position themselves and all they possessed under the manipulate and dominion of the Roman human beings.n summary, at the same time as both Polybius and Livy identified the siege of Saguntum as the instantaneous trigger for the Second Punic War, they differed in their views on the underlying reasons. Polybius emphasized geopolitical factors and the wider context of energy struggles, whilst Livy focused greater on the ethical and moral decline of the Roman Republic These differing views mirror the multifaceted nature of historic evaluation and the different factors which can make a contribution to the outbreak of a first-rate battle.

HIEU322: Roman Civilization (D01) Please comparing and contrasting the arguments of ancient historians Polybius and Livy regarding the causes and origins of the Second Punic War. You should define and distinguish between causes and origins and use quotes if needed.

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