Here are 63 beers selected at random from their stock. Each beer has an ABV (alcohol by volume) and IBU (international bitterness unit). 3.40% 5 6.70% 25 6.50% 40 8.00% 65 5.80% 8 4.50% 26 5.90% 42 6.50% 69 5.00% 10 5.20% 27 6.00% 45 6.50% 70 5.80% 11 5.50% 28 7.25% 45 7.00% 70 4.20% 13 5.00% 28.1 5.50% 46 9.00% 70 5.60% 14 4.90% 30 8.10% 48 6.80% 73 6.00% 15 5.60% 30 8.50% 50 8.00% 75 3.80% 17 6.90% 30 6.50% 52 7.00% 78 5.30% 18 9.00% 32 6.50% 55 6.20% 81 4.50% 19 7.80% 34 5.90% 57 8.60% 85 4.50% 20 5.90% 35 6.20% 60 7.00% 90 5.10% 20 7.80% 35 7.00% 60 7.50% 92 5.50% 21 7.60% 36 11.5% 60 8.00% 100 5.60% 22 5.50% 38 11.3% 64 10.5% 102 8.00% 23 5.40% 39 6.20% 65 10.2% 185 5.20% 25 5.30% 40 6.80% 65 We can summarize the data as follows ABV IBU Correlation Mean 6.6% 46.6 64% Std Dev 1.7% 30.4 Problem a. a. Build a linear model to predict IBU using ABV. b. What is your observed residual for the beer that is 8.5% ABV?

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