he knowledge of an expert system is given as follow: male(john). male(sam). male(peter). male(david). female(mary). female(betty). female(jane). female(sarah). a). A new predicate, likes, with two arguments (i.e. likes(male,female)), is required to represent the likes relationship of all possible male and female. Using variable(s), write the rule(s) that can generate the required knowledge. b). Using variable(s), write the rule(s) that can also provide the knowledge, likes(female,male). c). Given that sam and mary are sibling, the likes relationship between sam and mary should be omitted from the knowledge. Modify the rule(s) defined above.

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Inference in AI

The inference is finding a conclusion or result based on any data, events, and any information. Usually, there will be a set of conditions and the conclusion is made, which satisfies all the given conditions are true. The conclusion is made according to the inference rules. Any artificial intelligence agent or an intelligent system uses the inference engine to find a better result or output. The work of the inference engine is to analyze the fact and figures based on all circumstances. After the analysis, the machine concludes this fact and gives it to the agent. The agent uses this conclusion for further processing and decision-making. Intelligent systems will generate new logic from existing ones based on the facts.