Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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POLLEN
ud
INBRED PLANT
FIRST YEAR
DETASSELED
DETASSELED
BXA
-SINGLE-CROSS
SEED
INBRED PLANT
POLLEN FROM CXD
DETASSELED
ACXO
SINGLE-CROSS
SEED
SECOND YEAR
Fucke
SINGLE-CROSS PLANT (BXA)
INBRED PLANT
C
(B x A)x(CxD)
DOUBLE-CROSS SEED
FOR COMMERCIAL PLANTING
a
INBRED PLANT
D
SINGLE-CROSS PLANT (CXD)
In the early 1900s, plant
breeders showed that crossing
individuals from two different
favorable inbred varieties
produced hybrid offspring
often more vigorous and
having more desirable traits
than offspring produced from
inbreeding. This phenomenon,
known as heterosis, led to
tremendous increases in corn
production in the United
States. In 1931, 0.1 percent of
the corn planted was hybrid
corn, resulting in an average
yield of 24.5 bushels per acre.
In 1992, almost all corn
planted in the United States
was hybrid corn, resulting in
an average yield of 135 bushels
per acre. Study the figure at
the bottom of the page, which shows the current method for
producing hybrid corn. Explain the procedure as illustrated.
expand button
Transcribed Image Text:POLLEN ud INBRED PLANT FIRST YEAR DETASSELED DETASSELED BXA -SINGLE-CROSS SEED INBRED PLANT POLLEN FROM CXD DETASSELED ACXO SINGLE-CROSS SEED SECOND YEAR Fucke SINGLE-CROSS PLANT (BXA) INBRED PLANT C (B x A)x(CxD) DOUBLE-CROSS SEED FOR COMMERCIAL PLANTING a INBRED PLANT D SINGLE-CROSS PLANT (CXD) In the early 1900s, plant breeders showed that crossing individuals from two different favorable inbred varieties produced hybrid offspring often more vigorous and having more desirable traits than offspring produced from inbreeding. This phenomenon, known as heterosis, led to tremendous increases in corn production in the United States. In 1931, 0.1 percent of the corn planted was hybrid corn, resulting in an average yield of 24.5 bushels per acre. In 1992, almost all corn planted in the United States was hybrid corn, resulting in an average yield of 135 bushels per acre. Study the figure at the bottom of the page, which shows the current method for producing hybrid corn. Explain the procedure as illustrated.
Graph the information to see the yield of the three varieties of grain.
AA Aa aa
Parents
1000
First Generation 250 500 250
Second Generation 375 250 375
Third Generation 437 125 437
Fourth Generation 469 62 469
4. What would be the resulting effect on grain production for each
generation if heterozygous plants resulted in a higher yield of grain
than homozygous individuals?
5. Based on this information, should the farmer plant heterozygous
seed every year or allow the corn to inbreed? Why?
expand button
Transcribed Image Text:Graph the information to see the yield of the three varieties of grain. AA Aa aa Parents 1000 First Generation 250 500 250 Second Generation 375 250 375 Third Generation 437 125 437 Fourth Generation 469 62 469 4. What would be the resulting effect on grain production for each generation if heterozygous plants resulted in a higher yield of grain than homozygous individuals? 5. Based on this information, should the farmer plant heterozygous seed every year or allow the corn to inbreed? Why?
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