Given these effects I. Increased oxygen consumption II. Increased heart rate III. Increased body temperature IV. Increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation Which one are the known effects of thyroid hormone on peripheral tissues? OI, II, II, and IV O II & III only O II, III, and IV O I& II only
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- In the disease mononucleosis (“mono”), the spleen enlargesbecause of increased numbers of phagocytes and other cells.Common signs and symptoms of this disease include palecomplexion, a tired feeling, and a lack of energy sometimesto the point of not being able to get out of bed. What mightcause each of these signs and symptoms?What happens during the initial stage of acute inflammation? O brief vasodilation followed by vasoconstriction and recruitment of macrophages brief vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation resulting in edema brief vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation resulting in excess tissue production recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages that result in edemaWhich of the following is a TRUE statement regarding the effect of high doses of corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone, on the imnune system? O None of the statements apply Functions to inhibit IgG secretion from autoimmune B cells O Functions to specifically inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to decrease pain and inflammation Functions to inhibit enzyme phospholipase A2, which causes lethal disruption of WBC function (WBC death) OFunctions to inhibit enzyme phospholipase A2, which decreases cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX-2) levels
- List two different types of phagocytes. How do Tcells and B cells differ in their functions? From where inthe human body do all of these cells originate and whichrequire maturation before they are functional?Inflammatory responses may include which of the following? Reduced permeability of blood vessels to conserve plasma o Inhibiting the release of white blood cells from bone marrow o Cotting proteins migrating away from the site of injury Decrease in prostaglandins and cytokines in the tissue Increased activity of leukocytes in an inflamed areaWhat feature of CGD phagocytes is defective?a. the ability to engulf pathogensb. production of toxic forms of oxygenc. mechanisms to eliminate virusesd. chemotaxis
- Visit this website (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/chemotaxis) to learn about phagocyte chemotaxis Phagocyte chemotaxis is the movement of phagocytesaccording to the secretion of chemical messengers in theform of interleukins and other chemokines. By what meansdoes a phagocyte destroy a bacterium that it has ingested?During the inflammatory response, the reasoning for the swelling at the site of inflammation is because local blood vessels vasodilate bringing an increased volume of blood to the area local blood vessels vasoconstrict causing lymph fluid to accumulate in the tissue space when white blood cells are activated they begin to secrete plasma into the tissue space local blood vessels become leaky allowing some plasma to leak out into the tissue spaceThe immune system has both specific and nonspecific immune responses against pathogens. Which scenario describes a specific immune response? Othe body using intact skin to keep out all pathogens Oantibodies being produced to fight off a pathogen inside the bady O macrophages engulfing an unknown virus that has entered the body Oinflammation and redness occurring at the site of a bacterial infection Previous DELL
- Which inflammatory cytokines are found more frequently in microglia and macrophages in thr spinal cor of patients with HIV-associated vascular myopathies? )IL-8 and IL-18 IFN-alpha and IFN-beta IL-10 and TGF-beta 1 O IL-1 and TNF-alphaAll are direct effects of histamines and leukotrienes on capillaries except Oa chemotaxin factor Ob vasodilation: Oc allew for diapedesh (extravasation) Od. lncroase blood Row QUESTION 2 In tuberculosis, these pockets of chronically infected tissue are formed when phagocytes are unsuccessful in removing a pathogen. Oa phagolysosomes Ob. granulomas Oe diapedésis Od. chemotaxis QUESTION 3 Granuloctye phagocyte, most abundant leukocyte, raleases NETS to kiil nearty pathogens On Ensinophil O b. Basophia O. Dendritic cel Od. NeutrophilWhich of the following statements describes the function of a macrophage? A B C D They circulate in the blood and produce antigens in response to infection. They are found in tissues and secrete cytokines in response to infection. They can leave the blood and secrete cytotoxins when exposed to damaged cells. They can leave the blood and accumulate at sites of inflammation.