Given an 8-inch wafer costing $2200 each, with Y = 80%, Ype = 98% and die arca of 4 x 4 mm?, estimate the cost per die. The die may be shrunk to 3.3 x 3.3 mm in a more advanced process that costs $3000 per wafer. Justify if it is worth moving to the new process if the volume is large enough. (c)

A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of 3.0. (a) If it requires 200 J of work per cycle, how much heat per cycle does it remove the cold reservoir? (b) How much heat per cycle is discarded to the hot reservoir?

As a gasoline engine is running, an amount of gasoline containing 13,600 J of chemical potential energy is burned in 1 s. During that second, the engine does 3,400 J of work. (a) What is the engine's efficiency (in percent)? % (b) The burning gasoline has a temperature of about 4,100°F (2,500 K). The waste heat from the engine flows into air at about 90°F (305 K). What is the Carnot efficiency (in percent) of a heat engine operating between these two temperatures? Need Help? % Read It

(a) What is the entropy of an Einstein solid with 4 atoms and an energy of 18ε? Express your answer as a multiple of kB . The entropy of the solid is ____ kB.(b) What is the entropy of an Einstein solid in a macropartition that contains  9 ×10690×10690 microstates? Express your answer as a multiple of kB. The entropy of the solid is  ____  kB.

10. A gasoline engine has a compression ratio of 6.00 and uses a gas for which ? = 1.40. What is the efficiency if it is operated in an idealized Otto cycle?

3.20) The first stage of an axial compressor is designed on free vortex principles, with no inlet guide vanes. The rotational speed is 6000 rev/min and the stagnation temperature rise is 20 K. The hub-tip ratio is 0.60, the work-done factor is 0.93 and the isentropic efficiency of the stage is 0.89. Assuming an inlet velocity of 140 m/s, the Mach number relative to the tip is limited to 0.95 and ambient conditions of 1.01 bar and 288 K, calculate: (a) the tip radius and corresponding rotor air angles B1 and B2. [0.456 m, 63.95° and 56.40°] (b) the mass flow entering the stage. [65.5 kg/s] (c) the stage stagnation pressure ratio and power required. [1.233, 1317 kW] (d) the rotor air angles at the root section. [50.83° and 18.32°]

If 370 J of work is performed with 45% efficiency, what is the amount of energy that goes into heating, parasitic losses, etc.? Give your answer in units of joules, to three significant figures.

A car engine has an efficiency of 23% and produces an average mechanical work of 26 kJ/s during its operation. (a) How much heat per second input (QH) is needed? and (b) how much heat is discarded as waste heat (QL) per second?

A girl pulls a 5kg wagon with a force of 20 n for 7 m. If the final speed of the wagon is 3.5 m/s, determine the efficiency of this process

What fuel economy should be expected from a gasoline powered car that encounters a total of 443N of resistive forces while driving down the road?  (Those forces are from air drag, rolling resistance and bearing losses.) Assume a 30% thermodynamic efficiency.