Given a vector of integers. Find the number of elements which are out of order in the array. An element is in out of order if it is smaller than previous element and larger than next element. Note- first and last element is not to be counted as out of order.

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Randomized Select Algorithm

A randomized algorithm is defined as one that uses a certain amount of randomization in its logic or operation. It is said to be an algorithm that depends on the random number to perform its operation. It is used for reducing the overall time complexity, space complexity in the standard algorithm. The randomized algorithm uses the concept of random numbers to find the solutions to the different kinds of problems and also to improve the problem solutions.