Give the reason for the fusion of an organic compound with sodium metal for testing nitrogen, sulphur and halogens.

Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Chapter19: The Chemistry Of The Main-group Elements
Section19.4: Extraction By Electrolysis: Sodium, Chlorine, Magnesium, And Aluminium
Problem 19.1PSP
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Give the reason for the fusion of an organic compound with sodium metal for testing nitrogen, sulphur and halogens.

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For the detection of Nitrogen, sulphur and halogens is done by fusing the organic compound sodium metal the extract prepared for this process is called Lassaigne's extract. As Nitrogen, Sulphur and Halogens covalently bonded to the organic compound. So they are converted into ionic compound with sodium metal.

These elements are fuse with sodium metal and hence converted into ionic form. The reaction is given below:

Na + C + N  NaCNNa+S +C +N  NaSCN2Na +S Na2XNa +X   NaX

Here, X is halogen ( Cl, Br, I )

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