Give one example of a futile cycle that could occur in fat/ketone body metabolism and how it is prevented

When glucose undergoes substrate-level oxidation, it eventually becomes:

The diabetic body's reliance on ketogenesis to provide energy due to the unavailability of glucose causes serious health and toxicity concerns in these individuals. 1) Describe the role of ketogenesis in diabetes, why the body elects this metabolic pathway, and its resultant benefits and consequences. 2) Describe the role of ketogenesis in a ketogenic diet, why this can be considered a desired metabolic state for individuals, and the benefits and consequences of ketogenesis in these intentional circumstances.  Rationalize the differences between these two ketogenic instances.

An individual goes in to get their blood work results for their enzyme deficiency in glycolysis. Based on the results, provide an explanation of which enzymes are deficient in the individual? Blood Glucose levels are normal   *Glucose-6 phosphate, *fructose-6 phosphate, *fructose-1,6 biphosphate, *glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate, *1,3-biphosphoglycerate, and *phosphoenolpyruvate levels are ALL increased   Pyruvate, ATP, and RBC concentration are all at a decreased level

In transamination processes, pyridoxal phosphate is an essential coenzyme. This coenzyme has previously been observed in glycogen metabolism. Pyridoxal phosphate is required by which enzyme in glycogen metabolism, and what function does the coenzyme perform in this enzyme?

In a diabetic liver, which of the following pathways would be constantly active? O glycolysis O glycogen synthesis O ketone body oxidation O gluconeogenesis O fatty acid synthesis

Which of the following describes the process of converting a pyruvate back to glucose?    glycogenolysis            glycolysis            glycogenesis            gluconeogenesis

Glucose is not the only 6 carbon carbohydrate that can be metabolized. What other 6 carbon carbohydrates can feed into glycolysis? What is it about corn syrup that leads to a “sugar rush”

Pepsin and pancreatic digestive enzymes are regulated by:     Allosteric regulation     Zymogen activation     Covalent modification     Competitive inhibition

Refer to the statements below: 1. An amino acid is considered glucogenic if it has a carbon-containing degradation product that can be used to produce glucose via glycolysis 2. An amino acid is considered ketogenic if it has a carbon-containing degradation product that can be used to produce ketone bodies 3. Amino acids can be both glucogenic and ketogenic None of the statements are correct Only one of the three statements is correct Only two of the three statements are correct All three statements are correct