Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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From Table 1.1 indicates, among other things, the melting points of various fatty acids. Analyze the trend that the melting points of saturated fatty acids follow, from n-dodecanoic (CH3-(CH2) 10-COOH) to n-tetracosanoic (CH3-(CH2)22-COOH), and answer both next questions. Briefly justify your answers.


i) What value would you expect the melting point of triacontanoic acid (CH3-(CH2) 28-COOH) to have? Choose one of the following options:
a) More than 200 ° C
b) About 94 ° C
c) Less than 86 ° C
d) Exactly 86.1 ° C


ii) What value would you expect the melting point of octanoic acid (CH3-(CH2) 6-COOH) to have? Choose one of the following options:
a) 43.5 ° C
b) -20 ° C
c) About 20 ° C

table
Some Naturally Occurring Fatty Acids
Solubility at 30 °C
(mg/g solvent)
Carbon
skeleton
Structure
Systematic name
Common name
(derivation)
Melting
point ("C) Water
Benzene
12:0
CH,(CH,.C0OH
n Dodecanoic acid
44.2
0.063 2,600
Lauric acid
(Latin laurus,
"laurel plant")
Myristic acid
(Latin Myristica,
nutmeg genus)
Palmitic acid
(Latin palma,
"palm tree")
14:0
CH,(CH,),COOH
n-Tetradecanoic acid
53.9
0.024
874
16:0
CH,(CH,.COOH
n-Hexadecanoic acid
63.1
0.0083
348
18:0
CH;(CHJsCOOH
n-Octadecanoic acid
Stearic acid
(Greek stear,
"hard fat")
69.6
0.0034
124
20:0
CH,(CHJuCOOH
n-Eicosanoic acid
Arachidic acid
(Latin Arachis,
legume genus)
76.5
24:0
CH,(CH)COOH
n-Tetracosanoic acid
86.0
Lignoceric acid
(Latin lignum,
"wood" + cera, "wax")
16:1(A)
CH,(CHJ;CH=CH(CH,COOH cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid
CH,(CH,),CH=CH(CH,)»COOH cis-9-Octadecenoic acid
Palmitoleic acid
--0,5
18:1(4)
Oleic acid
(Latin oleum,
"oil")
13.4
CH,(CHJ.CH CHCH CH=
CHICH,,COOH
18:3(4121) CH,CH,CH-CHCH,CH-
CHCH,CH=CH(CH,),COOH
20:4(A. CH,(CHJ,CH-CHCH,CH-
CHCH CH-CHCH,CH-
CH(CH,),COOH
18:2(A19)
cis-,cis-9,12-Octadecadienoic Linoleic acid
acid
-5
(Greek linon, "flax")
cis ,cis,cis-9,12,15-
Octadecatrienoic acid
a-Linolenic acid
-11
cis,cis,cis-.cis-5,8,11,14-
Icosatetraenoic acid
Arachidonic acid
-49.5
expand button
Transcribed Image Text:table Some Naturally Occurring Fatty Acids Solubility at 30 °C (mg/g solvent) Carbon skeleton Structure Systematic name Common name (derivation) Melting point ("C) Water Benzene 12:0 CH,(CH,.C0OH n Dodecanoic acid 44.2 0.063 2,600 Lauric acid (Latin laurus, "laurel plant") Myristic acid (Latin Myristica, nutmeg genus) Palmitic acid (Latin palma, "palm tree") 14:0 CH,(CH,),COOH n-Tetradecanoic acid 53.9 0.024 874 16:0 CH,(CH,.COOH n-Hexadecanoic acid 63.1 0.0083 348 18:0 CH;(CHJsCOOH n-Octadecanoic acid Stearic acid (Greek stear, "hard fat") 69.6 0.0034 124 20:0 CH,(CHJuCOOH n-Eicosanoic acid Arachidic acid (Latin Arachis, legume genus) 76.5 24:0 CH,(CH)COOH n-Tetracosanoic acid 86.0 Lignoceric acid (Latin lignum, "wood" + cera, "wax") 16:1(A) CH,(CHJ;CH=CH(CH,COOH cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid CH,(CH,),CH=CH(CH,)»COOH cis-9-Octadecenoic acid Palmitoleic acid --0,5 18:1(4) Oleic acid (Latin oleum, "oil") 13.4 CH,(CHJ.CH CHCH CH= CHICH,,COOH 18:3(4121) CH,CH,CH-CHCH,CH- CHCH,CH=CH(CH,),COOH 20:4(A. CH,(CHJ,CH-CHCH,CH- CHCH CH-CHCH,CH- CH(CH,),COOH 18:2(A19) cis-,cis-9,12-Octadecadienoic Linoleic acid acid -5 (Greek linon, "flax") cis ,cis,cis-9,12,15- Octadecatrienoic acid a-Linolenic acid -11 cis,cis,cis-.cis-5,8,11,14- Icosatetraenoic acid Arachidonic acid -49.5
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