Franco and Nobel (1989) discovered that there are downsides to having a nurse plant for young cacti. They found that while young cacti survive more often, they grow slower than young cacti without a nurse plant. What are the authors' two explanations for why that happens?

Each of the components below should be 1 or at most 2 sentences. Abstracts are 1 paragraph, it is unusual for them to have a reference and must be concise. Explain this hypothesis in detail: The hypothesis can be tested by subjecting groups of Brassica rapa plants to different light exposure durations while keeping other growth conditions constant and recording the time taken for each group to reach the flowering stage. Summarize the methods and experimental design including control and experimental groups and the length of this Brassica rapa experiment. Describe results and analysis Complete the abstract with a brief conclusion of the results of your experiment.

The drooping, bell-like flower Aquilegia canadensis is adapted for cross-pollination. However, if the plant has not been pollinated previously, self-pollination can occur. However, if cross pollination occurs after self-pollination takes place, the pollen from cross pollination reaches the style before the pollen from self-pollination. Using course concepts and vocabulary 1) Provide a reasoning for this phenomenon. 2) Would this adaptation for reproduction be beneficial for the plant?

Can you clearly type the answers to all the parts to this question please  In shoot apical meristems, the peripheral zone (PZ) genetic program maintains indeterminacy and allows lateral primordia initiation. (a) Explain how the PZ genetic program control (1) meristem maintenance, (2) organ separation, and (3) organ differentiation/leaf primordia outgrowth using the following keywords: KNOX genes, cytokinins, gibberellin, auxin, CUC, and AS1.  (b) Explain how this genetic program is used in the formation of compound leaves.  (c) Please use KNOX PZ genetic module as an example to explain process homology during compound leaf evolution.