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For the circuit shown, let IBIAS = 4 mA and RL = 500 Ohms.  What is the value of VOUT?

For the circuit shown, let IBIAS = 4 mA and RL = 500 Ohms.  What is the value of VOUT?

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
Chapter1: Introduction
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For the circuit shown, let IBIAS = 4 mA and RL = 500 Ohms.  What is the value of VOUT?

The image shows a simple differential amplifier circuit. Here's a detailed explanation of its components and design: - **Power Supply (5 V)**: The circuit is powered by a 5-volt source, which is connected to the top side of the circuit. - **Current Source (\(I_{\text{BIAS}}\))**: This current source is connected to the base of transistor \(Q_1\) and provides biasing current to the differential pair. - **Transistors (Q1 and Q2)**: The circuit includes two NPN bipolar junction transistors, \(Q_1\) and \(Q_2\). These form a differential pair, which amplifies the voltage difference between their bases. - **Load Resistor (\(R_L\))**: \(R_L\) is connected between the collector of \(Q_2\) and the 5 V supply. The output voltage (\(V_{\text{OUT}}\)) is taken from the collector of \(Q_2\). - **Ground Connections**: Both emitters of \(Q_1\) and \(Q_2\) are connected directly to the ground. - **Output Voltage (\(V_{\text{OUT}}\))**: This is taken across the load resistor \(R_L\) and serves as the output of the amplifier. In this configuration, a change in the input signal at the base of \(Q_1\) relative to \(Q_2\) will result in a change in the output voltage (\(V_{\text{OUT}}\)), making it a useful component in many analog circuits for signal amplification.
Transcribed Image Text:The image shows a simple differential amplifier circuit. Here's a detailed explanation of its components and design: - **Power Supply (5 V)**: The circuit is powered by a 5-volt source, which is connected to the top side of the circuit. - **Current Source (\(I_{\text{BIAS}}\))**: This current source is connected to the base of transistor \(Q_1\) and provides biasing current to the differential pair. - **Transistors (Q1 and Q2)**: The circuit includes two NPN bipolar junction transistors, \(Q_1\) and \(Q_2\). These form a differential pair, which amplifies the voltage difference between their bases. - **Load Resistor (\(R_L\))**: \(R_L\) is connected between the collector of \(Q_2\) and the 5 V supply. The output voltage (\(V_{\text{OUT}}\)) is taken from the collector of \(Q_2\). - **Ground Connections**: Both emitters of \(Q_1\) and \(Q_2\) are connected directly to the ground. - **Output Voltage (\(V_{\text{OUT}}\))**: This is taken across the load resistor \(R_L\) and serves as the output of the amplifier. In this configuration, a change in the input signal at the base of \(Q_1\) relative to \(Q_2\) will result in a change in the output voltage (\(V_{\text{OUT}}\)), making it a useful component in many analog circuits for signal amplification.
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