Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923605
Author: Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher: PEARSON
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For the circuit shown, let IBIAS = 4 mA and RL = 500 Ohms. What is the value of VOUT?
Transcribed Image Text:The image shows a simple differential amplifier circuit. Here's a detailed explanation of its components and design:
- **Power Supply (5 V)**: The circuit is powered by a 5-volt source, which is connected to the top side of the circuit.
- **Current Source (\(I_{\text{BIAS}}\))**: This current source is connected to the base of transistor \(Q_1\) and provides biasing current to the differential pair.
- **Transistors (Q1 and Q2)**: The circuit includes two NPN bipolar junction transistors, \(Q_1\) and \(Q_2\). These form a differential pair, which amplifies the voltage difference between their bases.
- **Load Resistor (\(R_L\))**: \(R_L\) is connected between the collector of \(Q_2\) and the 5 V supply. The output voltage (\(V_{\text{OUT}}\)) is taken from the collector of \(Q_2\).
- **Ground Connections**: Both emitters of \(Q_1\) and \(Q_2\) are connected directly to the ground.
- **Output Voltage (\(V_{\text{OUT}}\))**: This is taken across the load resistor \(R_L\) and serves as the output of the amplifier.
In this configuration, a change in the input signal at the base of \(Q_1\) relative to \(Q_2\) will result in a change in the output voltage (\(V_{\text{OUT}}\)), making it a useful component in many analog circuits for signal amplification.
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