Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923605
Author: Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher: PEARSON
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The image presents five different CMOS differential amplifier circuits labeled I through V. These circuits are used to investigate the small signal current caused by a small signal input voltage \(v_{in}\). The task is to determine the approximate small signal output resistance, \(R_{out}\), and the small signal differential voltage gain, \(v_{out}/v_{in}\), for each amplifier. The results should be expressed in terms of the transconductance \(g_{mi}\) and output conductance \(g_{dsi}\).

**Circuit Descriptions:**

1. **Circuit I:**
   - Comprised of transistors \(M_1\), \(M_2\) connected to a current source \(I_T\). The output voltage is taken from the drains of \(M_1\) and \(M_2\).
   
2. **Circuit II:**
   - Similar to Circuit I with an additional transistor \(M_3\) connected in a diode configuration, and a load represented by a transistor \(M_4\) providing a more complex response.
   
3. **Circuit III:**
   - Incorporates a diode-connected load transistor \(M_3\) and a differential pair of transistors \(M_1\), \(M_2\) with the output taken across them.
   
4. **Circuit IV:**
   - Uses transistors \(M_5\) and \(M_6\) as active loads with a differential configuration similar to Circuit III.
   
5. **Circuit V:**
   - Features additional cascoding with transistors \(M_5\) and \(M_6\) added on top of the differential pair \(M_1\) and \(M_2\). Transistor \(M_7\) provides a biasing voltage \(V_{BN}\).

For each circuit, the input \(v_{in}\) is applied to the gates of the differential pair while the common-mode current source \(I_T\) provides biasing. The circuits are powered by \(V_{DD}\) as the positive supply rail and \(V_{SS}\) as the negative supply rail. The task involves understanding the intuition behind the circuit functions to estimate their gain and output resistance analytically.
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Transcribed Image Text:The image presents five different CMOS differential amplifier circuits labeled I through V. These circuits are used to investigate the small signal current caused by a small signal input voltage \(v_{in}\). The task is to determine the approximate small signal output resistance, \(R_{out}\), and the small signal differential voltage gain, \(v_{out}/v_{in}\), for each amplifier. The results should be expressed in terms of the transconductance \(g_{mi}\) and output conductance \(g_{dsi}\). **Circuit Descriptions:** 1. **Circuit I:** - Comprised of transistors \(M_1\), \(M_2\) connected to a current source \(I_T\). The output voltage is taken from the drains of \(M_1\) and \(M_2\). 2. **Circuit II:** - Similar to Circuit I with an additional transistor \(M_3\) connected in a diode configuration, and a load represented by a transistor \(M_4\) providing a more complex response. 3. **Circuit III:** - Incorporates a diode-connected load transistor \(M_3\) and a differential pair of transistors \(M_1\), \(M_2\) with the output taken across them. 4. **Circuit IV:** - Uses transistors \(M_5\) and \(M_6\) as active loads with a differential configuration similar to Circuit III. 5. **Circuit V:** - Features additional cascoding with transistors \(M_5\) and \(M_6\) added on top of the differential pair \(M_1\) and \(M_2\). Transistor \(M_7\) provides a biasing voltage \(V_{BN}\). For each circuit, the input \(v_{in}\) is applied to the gates of the differential pair while the common-mode current source \(I_T\) provides biasing. The circuits are powered by \(V_{DD}\) as the positive supply rail and \(V_{SS}\) as the negative supply rail. The task involves understanding the intuition behind the circuit functions to estimate their gain and output resistance analytically.
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