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Name: Find all pairs of integers keys (a, b) for affine ciphers for which th
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Description: Find all pairs of integers keys (a, b) for affine ciphers for which the encryption function c = (ap + b) mod 26 is the same as the corresponding decryption function.

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Find all pairs of integers keys (a, b) for affine ciphers for which the encryption function c = (ap + b) mod 26 is the same as the corresponding decryption function.

Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction

4th Edition

ISBN:9781285463247

Author:David Poole

Publisher:David Poole

Chapter1: Vectors

Section1.1: The Geometry And Algebra Of Vectors

Problem 29EQ: Write out the addition and multiplication tables for 4.

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Write out the addition and multiplication tables for 4.
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Alice received the following ciphertext from Bob, "08 01 08 05". Bob had encrypted it using the RSA cypher with Alice's public key (pq, e) = (55, 3), where p = 5 and q = 11. Note that (p − 1)(q − 1) = 40. The value for d in Alice's private key, (pq, d) is a positive inverse for 3 modulo (p − 1)(q − 1). It was found to be 27 in Examples 8.4.8(b) and 8.4.10. What is Bob's message after Alice decrypts it? (Assume Bob encoded one letter at a time using the encoding A = 01, 8 = 02, C = 03, ..., Z = 26.) To decrypt Bob's message, Alice uses the decryption formula M = C mod where M is the code for a letter of the message, C is the encrypted version of the letter, (pq, e) = (55, 3) is the public key, and (pq, d) = (55, 27) is the private key. (a) To begin, Alice computes the values of a, b, c, d and e that are indicated below. 084 c (mod 55) 08¹ = a (mod 55) 088 d (mod 55) She finds that a = 082 b (mod 55) 0816e (mod 55) b = , C = d= and e = Because 27 = 16 + 8 + 2 + 1, 0827= 0816 +8+2+1 =…