
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Fill in the blank:
A withdrawal reflex employs a total of _______________________ neurons.
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- Fill in the blank: ______________________ muscles in the limbs are the effectors of a withdrawal reflex.arrow_forwardA. Define reflex: B. Fill in the following boxes of a reflex arc.arrow_forwardWhy is it important to study reflexes? What clinical applications might these have? Describe a simple reflex arc.arrow_forward
- Background: A doctor conducted a patellar tendon (aka knee jerk - covered in lecture, assigned reading, and laboratory) reflex test on a patient. To do so, she tested the patient's knee-jerk reflex by hitting the patient's patellar tendon with a rubber hammer.For this patient, the doctor observed that hitting the tendon caused no knee jerk reflex at all, even after many attempts.Normally, a patient will kick her lower leg after the hammer hit on the tendon.However, the doctor could stimulate contraction of the quadriceps leg muscles using a stimulating electrode that applied a voltage across the muscle. The doctor, with further analysis, determined that the receptor membranes of the stretch receptors were operating correctly.To do this, she carefully inserted an electrode into a stretch receptor's membrane, near to the location on the membrane where receptor proteins are located. She measured a change in voltage while hitting the tendon with the hammer. With further testing, the…arrow_forwardTesting the patellar reflex in a patient is a good indicator of overall brain function. True or falsearrow_forward
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