Explore the concept of homomorphic encryption and its applications in computing on encrypted data without decryption.

In its infancy, cryptography based on public keys struggled to overcome the difficulty of key distribution. Why not provide an example to illustrate how the distribution of keys might be carried out such that it is clear and simple?

This may be used to explain why certain block cypher modes of operation utilise encryption alone, whereas others use encryption and decryption together:

Discuss the principles of modular arithmetic and its relevance in cryptography and error-checking algorithms.

What are the challenges and potential vulnerabilities associated with quantum computing in the context of encryption?

For each of the following cryptographic algorithms, describe what they do your own words and state where they are commonly used in application security. Identify them as either hashing, key exchange, symmetric encryption, or asymmetric encryption. AES RSA Triple DES MD5 SHA256 PKI RC4 Diffie-Hellman

Explain the concept of homomorphic encryption and its applications in privacy-preserving computations.

Asymmetric ciphers' unreversible operations make them more secure. This chapter covered various asymmetric operations. What asymmetric operations can you think of?