Explain, using intermolecular forces, why at room temperature, petrol (mainly octane, C8H18) is a liquid, while candle wax (C23H48) is a solid
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Explain, using intermolecular forces, why at room temperature, petrol (mainly octane, C8H18) is a liquid, while candle wax (C23H48) is a solid
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- Which type of intermolecular force accounts for each of these differences? (a) CH3OH boils at 65 °C; CH3SH boils at 6 °C. (b) Xe is a liquid at atmospheric pressure and 120 K, whereas Ar is a gas under the same conditions. (c) Kr, atomic weight 84 amu, boils at 120.9 K, whereas Cl2, molecular weight about 71 amu, boils at 238 K. (d) Acetone boils at 56 °C, whereas 2-methylpropane boils at -12 °C. CH3 CH3 O C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH Acetone 2-MethylpropaneWhich compound has the highest melting point: NaCl, CH 4, or H 2SO 4?A metal crystallizes in the face-centered cubic crystal structure with a unit cell edge of 3.52 x 10 -8 cm.The density of the metal is 8.90 g/cc. (a) What is the mass, in grams, of a single atom of this element? (b) What is the atomic weight of the element (g/mol). (c) What is the radius, in cm, of an atom of the element?
- NaH crystallizes with the same crystal structure as NaCl. The edge length of the cubic unit cell of NaH is 4.880 Å.(a) Calculate the ionic radius of H−. (The ionic radius of Li+ is 0.0.95 Å.)(b) Calculate the density of NaH.Explain the phase diagram of CaO-MgO.Explain each of these properties of water, and describe how each is conferred by the dipolar nature of a water molecule: high specific heat capacity; high heat of vaporization; unique density behavior; high surface tension; capacity to be a good solvent for ions of salts.
- ● Explain why higher average kinetic energy results in higher vapor pressure in terms of IMFs.Arrange the following substances in order of increasing total intermolecular forces between their molecules. ○ | < 1 < ||| OI< | < | ○ | < | < 1 O # < 1< || O | < | < 1 Ol< | < | I OH 11 111 OHThe ionic radii of the Mg21 and 022 ions are 0.86 Å and 1.26 Å, respectively. Given that the compound magnesium oxide, MgO, forms a cubic-type lattice of some type, calculate a value for its density. As part of your answer, speculate on the lattice formed by the oxide ions and the type of holes occupied by the magnesium cations.
- Which type of intermolecular force accounts for each ofthese differences? (a) CH3OH boils at 65 °C; CH3SH boils at6 °C. (b) Xe is a liquid at atmospheric pressure and 120 K,whereas Ar is a gas under the same conditions. (c) Kr,atomic weight 84 amu, boils at 120.9 K, whereas Cl2, molecularweight about 71 amu, boils at 238 K. (d) Acetone boilsat 56 °C, whereas 2-methylpropane boils at -12 °C.At room temperature, the edge length of the cubic unit cell in elemental silicon is 5.431 Å, and the density of silicon at the same temperature is 2.328 g cm-3 . Each cubic unit cell contains eight silicon atoms. Using only these facts, perform the following operations.(a) Calculate the volume (in cubic centimeters) of one unit cell.(b) Calculate the mass (in grams) of silicon present in a unit cell.(c) Calculate the mass (in grams) of an atom of silicon.(d) The mass of an atom of silicon is 28.0855 u. Estimate Avogadro’s number to four significant figures.Silicon has a face-centred cubic structure with two atoms per lattice point, just like diamond. At 25°C, a = 543.1 pm. What is the density of silicon? What is the Si-Si bond length?