Explain the role of InputStreams in handling different character encodings when reading text data.

Assume the range of data in a sequence of data stream is148,000,000,050 to 1.75. What is the minimum number of binary bitsyou need to represent the data range.

Buried Treasure As you approach the docks, you see Captain Jack, clutching a tattered piece of parchment. "Ahoy thar! I did bury our treasure but a wee bit yonder," he says, pointing over his shoulder with a crooked thumb. Cracking a toothless grin, he adds, "Bein' first mate, you do serve as me backup in case me directions get lost." He hands you the parchment. Carefully straightening it, you see a list of letters crossing the page 3 times over, nearly covering it. "Each of the letters marks 10 paces in a cardinal direction - them be the points on a compass rose." He holds up four fingers, stating, "N be north, E be east, S be south, and W be west," touching each in turn. "At the end of all that pacin', the booty lies but 2 feet 'neath the ground." Carefully, his brow furrowed in concentration, Jack begins ripping the lower left corner of his page, separating a small piece of parchment from the rest. Apologetically handing you the scrap and a bulky lump of charcoal to mark your notes,…

Why is Non-Return to Zero encoding is considered the best compared to other encoding methods? Explain ?

Q2 plase text writing

ʙᴇʟᴏᴡ ɪꜱ ʜᴏᴡ ᴛʜᴇ ꜰɪʟᴇɴᴀᴍᴇꜱ ᴀʀᴇ ʀᴇᴘʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛᴇᴅᴀʀʀᴀʏ[] = [50, 11, 33, 21, 40, 50, 40, 40, 21]ʙᴇʟᴏᴡ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇxᴘᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴏᴜᴛᴘᴜᴛ ᴀꜰᴛᴇʀ ᴅᴇ-ᴅᴜᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʀʀᴀʏ[] = [11, 21, 33, 40, 50] ʏᴏᴜ ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ᴜꜱᴇ ʟɪʙʀᴀʀʏ ꜰᴜɴᴄᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ᴛᴏ ᴇɪᴛʜᴇʀꜱᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴏʀ ᴘᴇʀꜰᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇ-ᴅᴜᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏᴘᴇʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ɪɴ ᴊᴀᴠᴀ ɪᴍᴘʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ꜰᴜɴᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ꜱᴜᴄʜ ᴀ ᴡᴀʏ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ʏᴏᴜʀ ꜱᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ ꜱᴏʟᴠᴇꜱᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴏ(ɴ ʟᴏɢ2(ɴ)) ᴛɪᴍᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʟᴇxɪᴛʏ ᴏᴠᴇʀᴀʟʟ ʙᴜᴛ ꜱᴛᴀʏꜱ ᴡɪᴛʜɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴜɴᴅꜱ ᴏꜰ ᴏ(1) ꜱᴘᴀᴄᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʟᴇxɪᴛʏ. ʜᴇʀᴇ, ɴ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴇɴɢᴛʜ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ʟɪꜱᴛ ᴏꜰɪɴᴘᴜᴛ ɪɴᴛᴇɢᴇʀꜱ (ᴀʀʀᴀʏ). ɪ ʙᴇʟɪᴇᴠᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴏʀᴛɪɴɢ ʀᴏᴜᴛɪɴᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ᴜꜱᴇᴅ ʜᴇʀᴇ ɪꜱ Qᴜɪᴄᴋ ꜱᴏʀᴛ. ᴘʟᴇᴀꜱᴇ ꜱᴛᴀᴛᴇ ᴀꜱ ᴄᴏᴅᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ꜱᴏʀᴛɪɴɢ ʀᴏᴜᴛɪɴᴇ ʏᴏᴜ ᴀʀᴇ ᴜꜱɪɴɢ, ꜱᴏʀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʀʀᴀʏ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴀʟɢᴏʀɪᴛʜᴍ ᴀɴᴅ ꜱᴏʟᴠᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇ-ᴅᴜᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍ ᴛʜᴇʀᴇᴀꜰᴛᴇʀ. ᴅᴇ-ᴅᴜᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴀʀᴛ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ɪᴛꜱᴇʟꜰ ᴍᴜꜱᴛ ᴀᴅʜᴇʀᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴏ(ɴ) ᴛɪᴍᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴏ(1) ꜱᴘᴀᴄᴇ ʙᴏᴜɴᴅꜱ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴇᴠᴇʀʏ ʟɪɴᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴄᴏᴅᴇᴘʟᴇᴀꜱᴇ ᴡʀɪᴛᴇ ᴛᴇꜱᴛ-ᴄᴀꜱᴇꜱ ᴏɴ ʜᴏᴡ ᴏɴᴇ ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅᴛᴇꜱᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀꜱꜱᴜᴍᴘᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ʜᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴅᴇ ᴇxᴀᴍᴘʟᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴄᴀꜱᴇꜱ ᴛᴏ ʙᴇ ᴛᴇꜱᴛᴇᴅ ꜰᴏʀ ᴀʀᴇ ʟɪᴋᴇ : ᴡʜᴀᴛ ɪꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʀʀᴀʏ ɪɴᴘᴜᴛ ᴡʜɪᴄʜɪꜱ…

Disadvantages of Character Count Method and examples of various framing approaches And why is it utilized in particular encoding scheme? Explain the Encoding scheme with an example and the benefits and drawbacks of this theorem.

Extend the ASCII code to 8 bits by adding a 0 to the left of each character and find the bit combinations needed to store the character strings given below. Give your answers in hexadecimal notation. (Caution: Do not overlook the spaces, periods, carriage returns, line feeds extra.) a. CSC 1104 b. Comp_Arch

ʙᴇʟᴏᴡ ɪꜱ ʜᴏᴡ ᴛʜᴇ ꜰɪʟᴇɴᴀᴍᴇꜱ ᴀʀᴇ ʀᴇᴘʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛᴇᴅᴀʀʀᴀʏ[] = [50, 11, 33, 21, 40, 50, 40, 40, 21]ʙᴇʟᴏᴡ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇxᴘᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴏᴜᴛᴘᴜᴛ ᴀꜰᴛᴇʀ ᴅᴇ-ᴅᴜᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʀʀᴀʏ[] = [11, 21, 33, 40, 50] ʏᴏᴜ ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ᴜꜱᴇ ʟɪʙʀᴀʀʏ ꜰᴜɴᴄᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ᴛᴏ ᴇɪᴛʜᴇʀꜱᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴏʀ ᴘᴇʀꜰᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇ-ᴅᴜᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏᴘᴇʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ɪɴ ᴊᴀᴠᴀ ɪᴍᴘʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ꜰᴜɴᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ꜱᴜᴄʜ ᴀ ᴡᴀʏ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ʏᴏᴜʀ ꜱᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ ꜱᴏʟᴠᴇꜱᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴏ(ɴ ʟᴏɢ2(ɴ)) ᴛɪᴍᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʟᴇxɪᴛʏ ᴏᴠᴇʀᴀʟʟ ʙᴜᴛ ꜱᴛᴀʏꜱ ᴡɪᴛʜɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴜɴᴅꜱ ᴏꜰ ᴏ(1) ꜱᴘᴀᴄᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʟᴇxɪᴛʏ. ʜᴇʀᴇ, ɴ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴇɴɢᴛʜ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ʟɪꜱᴛ ᴏꜰɪɴᴘᴜᴛ ɪɴᴛᴇɢᴇʀꜱ (ᴀʀʀᴀʏ). ɪ ʙᴇʟɪᴇᴠᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴏʀᴛɪɴɢ ʀᴏᴜᴛɪɴᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ᴜꜱᴇᴅ ʜᴇʀᴇ ɪꜱ Qᴜɪᴄᴋ ꜱᴏʀᴛ. ᴘʟᴇᴀꜱᴇ ꜱᴛᴀᴛᴇ ᴀꜱ ᴄᴏᴅᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ꜱᴏʀᴛɪɴɢ ʀᴏᴜᴛɪɴᴇ ʏᴏᴜ ᴀʀᴇ ᴜꜱɪɴɢ, ꜱᴏʀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʀʀᴀʏ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴀʟɢᴏʀɪᴛʜᴍ ᴀɴᴅ ꜱᴏʟᴠᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇ-ᴅᴜᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍ ᴛʜᴇʀᴇᴀꜰᴛᴇʀ. ᴅᴇ-ᴅᴜᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴀʀᴛ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ɪᴛꜱᴇʟꜰ ᴍᴜꜱᴛ ᴀᴅʜᴇʀᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴏ(ɴ) ᴛɪᴍᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴏ(1) ꜱᴘᴀᴄᴇ ʙᴏᴜɴᴅꜱ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴇᴠᴇʀʏ ʟɪɴᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴄᴏᴅᴇᴘʟᴇᴀꜱᴇ ᴡʀɪᴛᴇ ᴛᴇꜱᴛ-ᴄᴀꜱᴇꜱ ᴏɴ ʜᴏᴡ ᴏɴᴇ ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅᴛᴇꜱᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀꜱꜱᴜᴍᴘᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ʜᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴅᴇ ᴇxᴀᴍᴘʟᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴄᴀꜱᴇꜱ ᴛᴏ ʙᴇ ᴛᴇꜱᴛᴇᴅ ꜰᴏʀ ᴀʀᴇ ʟɪᴋᴇ : ᴡʜᴀᴛ ɪꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʀʀᴀʏ ɪɴᴘᴜᴛ ᴡʜɪᴄʜɪꜱ…