Q: What is the name given to study of biochemical nature of genes and how genes express their encoded…
A: Genes are the sequence of nucleotide bases present in the DNA in a cell. There are many genes in the…
Q: Explain why a long open reading frame would suggest the existence of a protein-coding exon?
A: Exons are the regions in DNA, which code for specific protein molecule. In order to identify exons…
Q: Explain the importance of the reading frame of a protein-coding gene
A: The triplet code forms the genetic code and is termed as a codon. The information in DNA resides in…
Q: Explain why RISC binds to a specific mRNA. What type of bonding occurs?
A: The gene expression regulation in a cell to inhibit the expression of particular genes is called…
Q: The word transcribe means “to write out.” The word translate means “to express in another language.”…
A: In another language, Transcribe means “to write out” Translate means “to express in”
Q: Explain why alternative splicing increases the coding capacity of the genome
A: In the process of splicing, mature mRNA is formed due to the removal of introns, after they are…
Q: Describe the roles of RNA molecules in gene expression.
A: We know that An RNA is a single-stranded helical structure that is present in all biological cells.…
Q: Explain why there is redundancy in the genetic code but no ambiguity.
A: Redundancy: One amino acid is coded by more than one triplet codon. Ambiguity: One triplet codon…
Q: Describe the process of transcription of mrna in an eukaryotes cell.
A: Gene expression is a process by which the genes are turned on to form RNA and proteins. This is seen…
Q: Explain Translational control through poly-A tail length?
A: Translation refers to the formation of polypeptide chain via polymerisation of amino acids. The…
Q: Describe the mechanism by which retrotransposon such as SINES and LINES get moved around within…
A: SINEs These are short interspersed elements. These are 80–400 bp in length and need activities…
Q: Explain the promoter as a region of DNA ?
A: The DNA is the genetic information carrier having all the regions that carry different processes…
Q: Explain why locating protein-encoding regions in a genomic sequence can be difficult.
A: Precise recognizable proof of protein-coding areas (exons) in DNA arrangements has been a difficult…
Q: Discuss the effects of transposable elements on gene function.
A: Transposable elements also known as jumping genes these are short sequences of DNA that have the…
Q: Describe the roles of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA intranslating the genetic code.
A: During protein synthesis, translation is transforming the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA)…
Q: Outline the process of alternative splicing, and explain how itincreases protein diversity.
A: Introduction: RNA splicing is a mechanism during which the non-coding sequence such as introns are…
Q: Describe how polypeptides are modified after translation
A: Modification after translation are called Post translational modifications. This is done to form the…
Q: Briefly list some of the ways in which siRNAs and miRNAs regulate genes.
A: miRNA or micro RNA and siRNA or small interfering RNA or silencing RNA are a type of RNA molecules…
Q: Explain how paralogs and orthologs are produced
A: Gene is known to be the basic unit of heredity of all life forms. Most animals contain…
Q: Describe the characteristics of a eukaryotic promoter for a protein-encoding gene.
A: Transcription is the cycle by which the data in a strand of Deoxyribosenucleic acid (DNA) is…
Q: Briefly explain how different modifications of histone protein affects the epigenetics of a gene
A: Epigenetics is the study of the gene in which DNA sequence does not change. The epigenetic change…
Q: EXPLAIN ALTERNATIVE SPLICING CAN MAKE MORE MORE PROTEINS FROM A SINGLE GENE
A: A gene is the fundamental physical and useful unit of heredity. gene are comprised of DNA. A few…
Q: Describe four types of RNA that perform distinctfunctions
A: Introduction :- Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a linear molecule made up of four different…
Q: Explain what it means to say that the genetic code is redundant and unambiguous?
A: Genetic code is said to be redundant or degenerate. This statement holds true as one amino acid can…
Q: Describe the relationship between the promoters forsense and antisense RNAs of a gene
A: The promoter region present in the operon mainly consists of a binding site for RNA polymerase in…
Q: Explain how protein-encoding regions are found when analyzing a DNA sequence.
A: Genes and intergenic gaps are found in the DNA of eukaryotes. Exons and introns are the two subunits…
Q: Describe the relationship between the template strand of DNA, the codons inmRNA, anticodons in tRNA,…
A: Introduction:- The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is termed…
Q: explain about the Transposable elements in bacteria
A: Bacteria are unicellular microorganisms with double stranded, circular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)…
Q: Discuss how the bigger mRNA leads to creation of a smaller polypeptide?
A: For protein synthesis, the first step in transcription. In transcription, the information from DNA…
Q: Describe in detail the term gene .
A: The hereditary components are what make up the gene. Alleles, which are tiny genetic building blocks…
Q: Give three examples of the importance of consensus sequences to gene expression.
A: The transcription is a process through which information in the DNA molecule is transcribed into…
Q: Discuss the arrangement of genes in genomes,including the number of genes, transcription…
A: Human Genome Project is a worldwide effort that was aimed at sequencing all 3.2 billion base pairs…
Q: What sequence information about a gene is lackingin a cDNA library?
A: Genetics is the branch of biology, which deals with the study of genes, their pattern of…
Q: Discuss the roles of exons and introns.
A: A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA and each…
Q: Define Reading frame as they apply to the genetic code
A: The central dogma of life is- DNA ---> mRNA ---> Protein The process of formation of mRNA from…
Q: escribe alternating splicing and its biological significance with a specific example.
A: Alternative splicing is an alternate method used by the cells to produce different types of proteins…
Q: Explain how differential splicing of RNA is thought to be relevant to the information gathered from…
A: The existence of introns and differential splicing helps explain how new genes are created .…
Q: Describe the basic structure of a gene.
A: Gene is the region of DNA that encodes proteins and a trait. While each gene is composed of two…
Q: Describe four differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression.
A: Genetic is the branch of science that deals with genetic material like genome, genes, DNA, and…
Q: a
A: Genes are the basic unit of the heredity and these genes forms the genotype of the organism. Gene…
Q: Explain what is meant by the coupling of transcription and translation in bacteria. Does coupling…
A: Transcription is a process of the formation of RNA from DNA. This DNA is further responsible for the…
Q: Describe how the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA codes for the amino acids of a protein. How can the…
A: During the process of transcription the information from DNA is copied into mRNA for protein…
Explain the importance of the reading frame of a proteincoding gene
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- Identify the features of tRNA that are important in decoding genetic information and converting it into “protein language.”Compare bacterial and eukaryotic mRNAs, and explain the functional significance of their structural differences.Give some points about the flow of information during translation?
- Provide the abbreviation for the amino acid sequence expected from the following mRNA segment using the three-letter amino acid codes: 5' UUUICCCIAAUIAUUIACG 3'Identify the secondary structures present in the protein and its genes code MKKKVLALAAAITVVAPLQSVAFAHENDGGSKIKIVHRWSAEDKHKEGVNSHLWIVNRAIDIMSRNTTLVKQDRVAQLNEWRTELENGIYAADYENPYYDNSTFASHFYDPDNGKTYIPFAKQAKETGAKYFKLAGESYKNKDMKQAFFYLGLSLHYLGDVNQPMHAANFTNLSYPQGFHSKYENFVDTIKDNYKVTDGNGYWNWKGTNPEEWIHGAAVVAKQDYSGIVNDNTKDWFVKAAVSQEYADKWRAEVTPMTGKRLMDAQRVTAGYIQLWFDTYGDRGiven the DNA sequence below: 5’-ACATGTGTACAGGCTTTGTCTGAATGGCTT-3’ 3’-TGTACACATGTCCGAAACAGACTTACCGAA-5’ Transcribe the gene. (Write the primary structure of the mRNA that will be produced.)
- Define Sense codon as they apply to the genetic codeFor the following mRNA sequences, what is the amino acid sequence formed? Consult genetic code table for reference. 5' AGUCCGUAC 3' 5' AAUUGCUUC 3'Translation is the process by which the sets of 3 bases (codons) of the mRNA are read to specify the sequence of amino acids for the protein to be produced. Using the genetic code data provided, find the sequence of amino acids that would correspond to the MRNA codons shown. Codons 1 3 MRNA A UGUGGAUC CGAG UCACG Amino acid SECOND LETTER A U UUU Phenylalanine UCU UCC Serine (S) UAU Tyrosine (Y) UAC TAA stop codon UAG stop codon UGU Cysteine (C) UGC TỮA Leucine (L) TGA stop codon UGG Tryptophan (W) F UCA UUG UCG I H CUU CCU CAU Histidine (H) R CGU CỨC Leucine (L) CỦA CCC Proline (P) ССА CCG CGC Arginine (R) CGA CAC "CAA Glutamine CAG (Q CUG CGG G D A AUU L AUC Isoleucine (1) AAU Asparagine AAC (N) ÄÄÄ Lysine (K) AGU Senine (S) ACU ACC Threonine ACA (T) AGC E AUA AGA Arginine (R) E ACG T AUG stat codon (M) AAG AGG TG GƯỮ GAU Apartic acid GAC (D) "GAÄ Glutamic acid GCU GGU GUC Valine (V) GUA GGC Glycine (0) GCC Alanine (A) CE GCA GGA R GUG GCG GGG GAG (E) The start codonencodes the amino…