Explain the difference between incidence and prevalence. Explain the steps in research process. What are the common measures of association used to test relationship between exposures and outcomes? Define confounding variable or factor and provide an example of a confounding factor. What are the 4 important elements of epidemiology research studies? What is the difference between probability and non-probability sampling?

What statistical methods are typically used in an inferential study?

What are some common types of biases that can affect statistical analysis, and how can they be addressed?

Left or right tail ?   what test statistics?   what is p.value

1. Explain how different statistical measures of individual risk help managers and business owners make better decisions. For your answer, consider the following statistical measures of risk: probability distributions, expected rates of return, historical rates, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and Sharpe ratio.

What is statistical significance?

Define “attributable risk” and explain the interpretation of this measure of association.           What are the basic uses of descriptive statistics?           State and define the three measures of Central tendency.