Explain the concept of safety integrity levels (SILs) in safety-critical software development. How are SILs determined, and what are the associated requirements?

Safety Integrity Levels (SILs) are a crucial aspect of safety-critical software development. They are used to assess and manage the safety of software systems, particularly in industries where the failure of software can result in significant risks to human life, the environment, or property. SILs provide a structured approach to designing, implementing, and verifying safety-critical software systems to ensure they meet specific safety requirements.

In this solution, we will delve into the concept of SILs, how they are determined, and the associated requirements.