Explain the concept of predictive maintenance in power substations and its potential to reduce maintenance costs and downtime.

b) A fault occurs at bus 3 of the network shown in Figure Q4. Pre-fault nodal voltages throughout the network are of 1 p.u. and the impedance of the electric arc is neglected. Sequence impedance parameters of the generator, transmission lines, transformer and load are given in Figure Q4. V₁ = 120° p.u. V₂ = 120° p.u. V₂ = 1/0° p.u. V₂= 120° p.u. jXj0.1 p.u. JX2) 0.1 p.u. jX0j0.15 p.u. jXn-j0.2 p.u. 1 JX(2)-j0.2 p.u. 2 jX)=j0.25 p.u. JX20-10.15 p.u. jXa(z)-j0.2 p.u. 4 jX2(0)=j0.2 p.u. jXT(1) j0.1 p.u. jXT(2)=j0.15 p.u. jXT(0)=j0.1 p.u. Figure Q4. Circuit for problem 4b). = jXj0.1 p.u. j0.1 p.u. - JX(2) JXL(0) 10.1 p.u. = (i) Assuming a balanced excitation, draw the positive, negative and zero sequence Thévenin equivalent circuits as seen from bus 3. (ii) Determine the positive sequence fault current for the case when a three- phase-to-ground fault occurs at bus 3 of the network. (iii) Determine the short-circuit fault current for the case when a one-phase- to-ground fault occurs at bus…

How do FACTS (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems) devices improve power system control and stability?

What are the key challenges in maintaining grid stability in a power distribution system?