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Explain The Concept of Chemical Potential?
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- When 7.11 g NH4NO3 is added to 100 mL water, the temperature of the calorimeter contents decreases from 22.1 C to 17.1 C. Assuming that the mixture has the same specific heat as water and a mass of 107 g, calculate the heat q. Is the dissolution of ammonium nitrate exothermic or endothermic?Provide the formal definition of enthalpy and explain all symbols used in it. Explain how the change in enthalpy is related to certain thermodynamic property (other than Gibbs energy).The combustion of propane gas leads to formation of carbon dioxide and water by the following equation: C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) -> 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(l) The standard enthalpy for the reaction delta H° = -2220.0 kJ. If 2.84 x 10^3 of kJ of heat are evolved, what volume of CO2 gas in Liters is produced if this reaction occurs at a pressure of 748 tote and 71°C?
- What is the electrostatic potential energy between an electron and a proton that are separated by 62 pm? Does the potential energy of the particles increases or decrease when the distance is increased to 3.0 nm?The enthalpy of sublimation of calcium at 25 °c is 178.2 kJ mol- 1.How much energy (at constant temperature and pressure) must be supplied as heat to 5.0 g of solid calcium to produce a plasma (a gas of charged particles) composed of Ca2+ ions and electrons?What is the electrostatic potential energy between an electron and a proton that are separated by 80 pm? What is the change in potential energy if the distance separating the electron and proton is increased to 1.0 nm?
- What is the electrostatic potential energy between an electron and a proton that are separated by 53 pm?7. Calculate the molar mass of benzoic acid. 2 8. Calculate the molar energy of the reaction, AUow, in kJ mol·1. 9. Calculate the molar enthalpy of the reaction, AHon, in kJ mol-l.Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy in kJ mol–1.
- Gibbs free energy (G�) is a measure of the spontaneity of a chemical reaction. It is the chemical potential for a reaction, and is minimized at equilibrium. It is defined as G=H−TS�=�−�� where H� is enthalpy, T� is temperature, and S� is entropy. The chemical reaction that causes magnesium to corrode in air is given by 2Mg+O2→2MgO2Mg+O2→2MgO in which at 298 K, ΔH∘rxn = −1204 kJΔ�rxn∘ = −1204 kJ and ΔS∘rxn = −217.1 J/KΔ�rxn∘ = −217.1 J/K. Part A Part complete What is the standard Gibbs free energy for this reaction? Assume the commonly used standard reference temperature of 298 K. Part B What is the Gibbs free energy for this reaction at 5958 KK ? Assume that ΔHΔ� and ΔSΔ� do not change with temperature. Express your answer to two decimal places and include the appropriate units. Part C At what temperature Teq�eq do the forward and reverse corrosion reactions occur in equilibrium? Express your answer as an integer and include the appropriate units.For a certain chemical reaction, the equilibrium constant K = ×7.7106 at 5.00 °C . Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy of reaction.Round your answer to 2 significant digits.Below are four definitions. Which of these most accurately describes the concept of chemical potential?a. The chemical potential represents the probability that a chemical reaction will occur.b. The chemical potential quantifies the change in internal energy when a molecule is added to a system at constant volume and entropy.c. Chemical potential is the heat transferred from (or to) a system when a chemical reaction occurs.d. The chemical potential is the greatest amount of work that a system can do as a result of a complete chemical reaction. Explain each alternative