explain in detail how a B cell gets activated (clonal selection and proliferation) How are T helper cells involved? Cytokines? Where might a B-cell most likelycome in to contact with its antigen? How did that antigen likely get there? What are memory cells?

Q: An anti-histamine is administered to prevent which cells from causing inflammation? O macrophages O…

A: Our immune system used different cellular, physical and physiological components that provides us a…

Q: Which of the following statements about innate lymphoid cells is true? (ONE ANSWER)   Require the…

A: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are immune cells that lack a specific antigen receptor but can produce…

Q: Which of the following cell types is important innonspecific responses to infection?a. natural…

A: The branch of science which deals with components of immune system is called Immunology. Immunity…

Q: Why is it beneficial for a B cell to become anergic if no TH recognizes an antigen fragment that the…

A: Generally B cell responses to antigen require the interaction of B cells with T helper cells.…

Q: _______and ________are part of the adaptive immune system and able to establish immunological…

A: Immune response is defined as the process where the immune cells of the body recognizes the incoming…

Q: Helper T cells that have been activated   a Can activate macrophages b Can stimulate cytotoxic T…

A: The major histocompatibility complex, abbreviated as MHC, is a set or group of glycoproteins that…

Q: Which of the following characteristics pertains to T cells?a. have specific receptorsb. are of more…

A: T cells (also called T lymphocytes) are one of the major components of the adaptive immune system.…

Q: After a B-cell antibody binds to its antigen, what happens next? O antigen/antibody complex is…

A: Immunity is a phenomenon that builds up inside the body of organism in order to eradicate foreign…

Q: Match the cell to its function. Some answers may be used more than once. Some questions may have…

A: The immune system is associated with the body's defence mechanism that functions to resist the entry…

Q: 28. The molecules mediating signal transduction on a B-cell following antigen binding to BCR are…

A: B cell It is a type of lymphocyte which is involved in providing the humoral immunity component of…

Q: Which cells would make the antibodies to help the body fight off SLE? O Cytotoxic T-Cells Natural…

A: SLE is an autoimmune disorder in which immune system attack self cells.  Cytotoxic T cells and…

Q: Which of the following are specific immune responses (select all that apply)? o T lymphocyte…

A: Immunity is defined as the intrinsic ability of the body to fight against infections and diseases.…

Q: Mature B cells in the periphery may be made tolerant (unresponsive) by- The lack of co-stimulatory…

A: Mature B cell lack of response can lead to the cause of autoimmune diseases. These mature B cells…

Q: A major outcome in response to the is the production of O complement cascade activation; a MAC in…

A: It is a complex biological system endowed with the capacity to recognize and tolerate whatever is…

Q: immunological memory is formed following a vaccination or infection and provides enhanced immune…

A: Immune cells develop from bone marrow stem cells to become white blood cells. Neutrophils,…

Q: Why does a sensitized person not experience a skin reaction immediately after exposure to poison…

A: The two main types of T-cells involved are the helper cells and the cytotoxic cells. Helper cells…

Q: On immune cells: Microphages or dendritic cells Activation and proliferation of "naive" B cells by…

A: Immunity refers to the ability of an organism to resist or defend against infectious diseases and…

Q: B cells and dendritic cells are both capable of antigen presentation via MHC molecules. What are the…

A: Major histocompatibility complex molecules are the surface proteins that help in identifying self…

Q: Mast cell products which cause T cells to produce GM-CSF and become encephalitogenic? O IL-6 and…

A: Mast cells These are the key element in the inflammatory actions. There are several potent molecules…

Q: 3. TH cell differentiation: Naïve T cells become fully activated after 3 signals and differentiate…

A: Lymphocytes are also known as "White Blood cells". These are known to play a crucial role in the…

Q: What co-receptor do Helper T cells use? MHC2 CDK1 CD4 O CD8

A: What co-receptor do Helper T cells use? A. MHC2 B. CDK1 C. CD4 D. CD8 Introduction: Helper T cell is…

Q: // Which of the following is NOT true of Helper T cells. It recognizes virus peptides on an…

A: The immune system of the body is the system which protects the body against attack by foreign…

Q: Which is/are not part of innate immunity?a. phagocytic cells e. inflammationb. fever f. cytokinesc.…

A: The immune system covers the complex biological reactions that protect the body against invading…

Q: If a B cell receptor does not pass selection, is it better to be self-reactive against a…

A: In the primary lymphoid organs, such as lymph nodes and spleen, the selection is positive and…

Q: How does a naïve B cell in the lymph node ‘see’ antigen, e.g. by itself or in association with cells…

A: Immunology is the branch of medical science that deals with the study of the immune system and…

Q: Describe how antigen-presenting cells stimulate an increasein the number of helper T cells. Why is…

A: Helper T cell, also called CD4+ cell, T helper cell, or helper T lymphocyte, type of white blood…

Q: A 40- year-old patient after stress reaction has accidental involution of tymus and decreasing…

A: The thymus gland is a bi-lobed structure that sits directly above the heart and beneath the sternum.…

Q: What is the activation signal for NK cells? How doesthis differ from the activity of T-cytotoxic…

A: Introduction: Natural killer cells are lymphocytes of the same family as T and B cells. They are…

Q: When B-Cells activate they are put into 3 different types. What are they and their fuctions?

A: B-cell is responsible for the humoral side of immunity because B-cell has the capability of…

Q: Explain each of the ways that the immune system has a mechanism of control in the development and…

A: Note: As per guidelines, we can answer one question at a time. Ask rest to get answers  Introduction…

Q: Opsonization" refers to one unique naïve T Lymphocyte only recognizing one specific epitope on one…

A: # Here I have solved only first question. please send one by one in the portal.  Option 4 is correct…

Q: What is a PAMP an example of?     Dendritic cell Complement Antibody Antigen

A: Need to find the example of PAMP (Pathogen-associated molecular patterns)

Q: Which is/are important in innate immune responses?a. interferonsb. clonal inactivationc. lymphocyte…

A: Innate immunity on non specific immunity includes all the defence elements with which and individual…

Q: How is a B-cell receptor similar to an antibody?

A: B (bone marrow) cells of the immune system are an important component. They are lymphocytes. The…

Q: Which of the following is expressed on B cells and increases their ability to respond to antigen?…

A: B cells are white blood cells that play an important role in the immune response. When they come…

Q: Under what circumstances is having a fever beneficial? Under what circumstances is having a fever…

A: The term "fever" or "hyperthermia" refers to a situation where the body temperature exceeds 38…

Q: Put a case forward for the importance of antigen specific CD4+ T helper cells, relative to other T…

A: T cells get their name from the fact that they are mostly developed in the thymus. They recognise…

Q: The absence of _______ at birth will affect the maturation of T cells.     D     C     B     A…

A: Lymphatic system is composed of lymph, lymphatic organs and lymphatic vessels. Spleen, thymus, lymph…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.