Explain how you would go about optimizing a program to run fast and efficiently on a modern pipelined computer and how you would go about mitigating the dependencies between executing instructions (also known as pipeline hazards) on such a machine.

When an interrupt occurs, the CPU suspends the current process and handles the problem. In technical terms, this is known as interrupt service. What is the cause for the current process's halt? Consider completing the task now and dealing with the interruption afterwards.

There are several hypotheses that attempt to explain the superior performance of interrupt-driven systems compared to that of non-interrupted ones.

An instruction pipeline consists of 5 stages is used to process a program that consists of 40 instructions. The instruction pipeline reduces the execution time of this program from → to clock cycles.

It is possible to teach compilers and assemblers to sequence assembly language instructions in a manner that poses the least possible danger to a pipeline. One of the purposes of a pipeline's layout is to achieve this. Do all assemblers and compilers rearrange assembly language instructions in the same manner to maximize efficiency?

The reasons why non-interrupted systems underperform interrupt-driven ones are up for debate. However, systems that are driven by interrupts perform better than those that aren't.