Explain: a. For all orientations of the boundary, stress is defined as the force across a "small" boundary per unit area of that boundary.

hand write asap

Reproduce Figure 2.23 twice, first adjusting it so that it accurately depicts the case in which the horizontal stress is half that of the vertical stress, and second so that the horizontal stress is twice that of the vertical stress. Use arrow length to indicate relative stress magnitude.

The state of stress at a point under plane stress condition is Ox = 100 MPa, Oy = 50 MPa, Txy = 20 MPa %3D The radius of the Mohr's circle representing the given state of stress in MPa is: O 32.02 O5071 O60 23 O 100.92