Even when shut down after a period of normal use, a large commercial nuclear reactor produces heat at the rate of 130 MW by the radioactive decay of fission products. This causes a rapid increase in temperature if the cooling system fails. (a) Calculate the rate of temperature increase in degrees Celsius per second (°C/s), if the mass of the reactor core is 1.60 x 105 kg and has an average specific heat of 0.0800 kcal/kg-°C. °C/s (b) How long would it take to obtain a temperature increase of 2000°C? (The initial rate of temperature increase would be greater than calculated here, because the heat is concentrated in a smaller mass, but later, the temperature increase would slow because the 5 x 105 kg steel containment vessel would begin to be heated, too.).

Even when shut down after a period of normal use, a large commercial nuclear reactor produces heat at the rate of 130 MW by the radioactive decay of fission products. This causes a rapid increase in temperature if the cooling system fails. (a) Calculate the rate of temperature increase in degrees Celsius per second (°C/s), if the mass of the reactor core is 1.60 x 105 kg and has an average specific heat of 0.0800 kcal/kg-°C. °C/s (b) How long would it take to obtain a temperature increase of 2000°C? (The initial rate of temperature increase would be greater than calculated here, because the heat is concentrated in a smaller mass, but later, the temperature increase would slow because the 5 x 105 kg steel containment vessel would begin to be heated, too.).

College Physics

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305952300

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

3. (a) The rate of heat transfer through a wood shingles roof of 4.50 m length, 3.90 m width and in 8.50 cm thickness is 126.65 W. The temperature of outside and inside-surface is 33.5 °C and 26.5 °C, respectively. (i) Determine thermal resistance, R of the wood shingles roof. (ii) Calculate the thermal conductivity. Give your answer in 3 decimal places. (iii) If a glass wool with higher thermal resistance is used to replace the wood shingles roof, determine which material tend to have lesser rate of heat transfer.
(a) If the heat capacity of an electric jug is 500 J °c1, how much heat energy does it absorb when heating 1.5 L of water, specific heat 4200 J kg1 0c1, from 20°C to 95°C?
1) The walls of a house are 11 cm thick and have an average thermal conductivity two times that of cork. The walls' surface area is 850000 cm2 and their inside surface is at 18°C, while their outside surface is at 4°C. (Thermal conductivity of cork is 0.036 W/m°C). Calculate, (i) The rate of heat conduction through house walls in Watts: (1) Amount of heat conducted in Joules, in 5 min: 2) A spherical infrared heater of radius 6.5 cm and an emissivity of 0.82 radiates 0.48 kW of power. Given, Stefan's constant = 5.67x10 Wm K Calculate, Temperature of the heater in Celsius: 1) A 275-turns square loop of 34 cm on a side, carrying a current of 22 A creates a torque of 385 N m when the plane of the coil makes an angle 38° with the magnetic field.
Assume that the total surface area of a person's body is 1.4 m2 and his skin temprature is 10.6 °C (Assume his body acts as black body) If the temprature of surrounding is 35.2 °C, what is his net rate of heat loss by radiation? (Answer in one decimal places)
A perfectly insulated tank of negligible heat capacity contains P lb of brine at T, = 30°F. Hot brine at 100°F runs into the tank at the rate of 3 lb/min, and the brine in the tank, brought instantly to uniform, temperature throughout by vigorous stirring, runs out at the same rate. If the specific heat of the brine is c, =1 btu/lb-°F, find the temperature of the brine in the tank as a function of time. Use ho=1200 btu/lb, initial mass inside the tank P = 50 lb, and the amount of heat in the brine at a particular temperature is H = P\C,(T – T) + ho]. The change in the heat content in the brine during the time interval dt is dH. %3D
A window has dimensions of 1.2 m by 2.1 m and is made of glass 6 mm thick. On a winter day, the outside temperature is 23.5° C while the inside temperature is a comfortable at 17° C. (k of glass =0.115W/m.K) Calculate the following: a) the area of the window in square metres b) the temperature gradient (AT/Ax)in kelvin/metre c) the rate of heat lost through the window by conduction in watts/metre.kelvin
(a) Calculate the rate of heat conduction (in W) through house walls that are 11.5 cm thick and that have an average thermal conductivity twice that of glass wool. Assume there are no windows or doors. The surface area of the walls is 150 m2 and their inside surface is at 20.0°C, while their outside surface is at 5.00°C. 1565.21 (b) How many 1 kW room heaters would be needed to balance the heat transfer due to conduction? (Round your answer to the next whole integer.) 2 1 kW room heaters
Suppose you walk into a sauna that has an ambient temperature of 50.0C. (a) Calculate the rate of heat transfer to you by radiation given your skin temperature is 37.0C, the emissivity of skin is 0.98, and the surface area of your body is 1.50 m2. (b) If all other forms of heat transfer are balanced (the net heat transfer is zero), at what rate will your body temperature increase if your mass is 75.0 kg?
(a) Calculate the rate of heat conduction through house walls that are 13.0 cm thick and that have an average thermal conductivity twice that of glass wool. Assume there are no windows or doors. The surface area of the walls is 120m^2 and their inside surface is at 18.0ºC, while their outside surface is at 5.00ºC. (b) How many 1-kW room heaters would be needed to balance the heat transfer due to conduction?
(a)Calculate the rate in watts at which heat transfer through radiation occurs (almost entirely in the infrared) to 4.0 m2 of the Earth's surface at night. Assume the emissivity is 0.95, the temperature of the Earth is 15°C, and that of outer space is 2.7 K. (Include the sign of the heat transfer to 4.0 m2 of the Earth's surface in the value of your answer.) (b)Compare the intensity of this radiation with that absorbed by the Earth from the Sun during the day. The intensity of the radiation from the Sun averages about 800 W/m2, only half of which is absorbed by the Earth. (c)What is the maximum magnetic field strength (in µT) in the outgoing radiation, assuming it is a continuous wave?
The upthrust exerted on a steel ball which is immersed in paraffin of temperature 20 °C is 0.2145 N, and 0.200 N when the temperature of the paraffin is 100 °C:. Based on this measurement, find the volumetric thermal expansion cocfficient of paraffin if the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of steel is 1.2.10-5 1/°C.