**Gibbs Free Energy: Spontaneity**Gibbs free energy is a measure of the spontaneity of a chemical reaction. It is the chemical potential for a reaction and is minimized at equilibrium. The change in Gibbs free energy can be calculated by:\[\Delta G^\circ_{\text{rxn}} = \Delta H^\circ_{\text{rxn}} - T\Delta S^\circ_{\text{rxn}}\]where \(\Delta G^\circ_{\text{rxn}}\) is the standard Gibbs free energy change for a reaction, \(\Delta H^\circ_{\text{rxn}}\) is the standard enthalpy change for a reaction, \(T\) is the temperature in kelvins, and \(\Delta S^\circ_{\text{rxn}}\) is the standard entropy change for a reaction.For a reaction at equilibrium, \(\Delta G^\circ_{\text{rxn}}\) is equal to zero. For negative values, the reaction is spontaneous, and for positive values, the reaction is nonspontaneous.**Elemental Carbon Forms**Elemental carbon usually exists in one of two forms: graphite or diamond. It is generally believed that diamonds last forever. The table shows the standard enthalpy of formation \((\Delta H^\circ_f)\) and the standard molar entropy \((S^\circ)\) values for diamond and graphite.| Substance | \(\Delta H^\circ_f\) (kJ/mol) | \(S^\circ\) (J/mol·K) ||-------------|-------------------------------|-----------------------|| \(C_{\text{graphite}}\) | 0 | 5.740 || \(C_{\text{diamond}}\) | 1.897 | 2.38 |**Part A**What is the standard Gibbs free energy for the transformation of diamond to graphite at 298 K?\[ C_{\text{diamond}} \rightarrow C_{\text{graphite}} \]Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.- **Answer Box:** \(\Delta G^\circ_{\text{rxn}} = [ \text{Value} \quad \text{Units} ]\)- **Submit Button**: Submit- **Feedback**: Incorrect; Try Again, 5 attempts remainingFor hints and templates, click "View Available

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Elemental carbon usually exists in one of two forms: graphite or diamond. It is generally believed that diamonds last forever. The table shows the standard enthalpy of formation ( AHP) and the standard molar entropy (S) values for diamond and graphite. Part A AGion= What is the standard Gibbs free energy for the transformation of diamond to graphite at 298 K? Cdiamond graphite Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Submit Substance Cgraphite Cdiamond Previous Answers ΔΗ} (kJ/mol) 0 1.897 Templates Symbols undo regio Teset keyboard shortcuts help V Value Units S (J/mol. K) 5.740 2.38

Elemental carbon usually exists in one of two forms: graphite or diamond. It is generally believed that diamonds last forever. The table shows the standard enthalpy of formation ( AHP) and the standard molar entropy (S) values for diamond and graphite. Part A AGion= What is the standard Gibbs free energy for the transformation of diamond to graphite at 298 K? Cdiamond graphite Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Submit Substance Cgraphite Cdiamond Previous Answers ΔΗ} (kJ/mol) 0 1.897 Templates Symbols undo regio Teset keyboard shortcuts help V Value Units S (J/mol. K) 5.740 2.38

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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