
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Transcribed Image Text:### Experiment Description
**Objective:**
To measure the velocities of two carts after a collision using bumpers, thus preventing them from sticking together. Velocity measurements are taken with a photogate for the second cart, initially at rest.
**Setup:**
- **Components:**
- Cart 1 (mass: 500.1 g)
- Cart 2 (mass: 510 g)
- Motion detector
- Bumpers
- Track
- Photogate
**Procedure:**
- Cart 1 is set in motion and its velocity before and after collision is recorded.
- Cart 2 remains stationary before the collision; its velocity is measured post-collision using a photogate.
### Measurements
- **Mass of Cart 1:** 500.1 g
- **Mass of Cart 2:** 510 g
- **Measured velocity of Cart 1 before collision:** 0.353 m/s
- **Measured velocity of Cart 1 after collision:** -0.018 m/s (indicating a change in direction)
- **Measured velocity of Cart 2 after collision (from photogate):** 0.226 m/s
- **Expected velocity of Cart 2 after collision (based on conservation of momentum):** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled)
### Calculations (Not Provided)
- **Percent difference between measured and expected final velocities of Cart 2:** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled)
- **Measured total kinetic energy before the collision:** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled)
- **Measured total kinetic energy after the collision:** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled)
### Diagram Explanation
- The diagram shows a motion detector on the left, which is used to track the movement of Cart 1 on the track.
- Cart 1 and Cart 2 are positioned on a track with bumpers between them. The bumpers ensure that the carts do not stick together upon collision.
- After the collision, the velocity of Cart 2 is measured using a photogate positioned at the right end of the track.
This setup visually conveys how the experiment measures velocities of carts post-collision, allowing for the analysis of momentum conservation and kinetic energy changes.
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