College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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### Experiment Description

**Objective:**
To measure the velocities of two carts after a collision using bumpers, thus preventing them from sticking together. Velocity measurements are taken with a photogate for the second cart, initially at rest.

**Setup:**
- **Components:** 
  - Cart 1 (mass: 500.1 g)
  - Cart 2 (mass: 510 g)
  - Motion detector
  - Bumpers
  - Track
  - Photogate

**Procedure:**
- Cart 1 is set in motion and its velocity before and after collision is recorded.
- Cart 2 remains stationary before the collision; its velocity is measured post-collision using a photogate.

### Measurements

- **Mass of Cart 1:** 500.1 g
- **Mass of Cart 2:** 510 g

- **Measured velocity of Cart 1 before collision:** 0.353 m/s
- **Measured velocity of Cart 1 after collision:** -0.018 m/s (indicating a change in direction)

- **Measured velocity of Cart 2 after collision (from photogate):** 0.226 m/s
- **Expected velocity of Cart 2 after collision (based on conservation of momentum):** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled)

### Calculations (Not Provided)

- **Percent difference between measured and expected final velocities of Cart 2:** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled)

- **Measured total kinetic energy before the collision:** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled)

- **Measured total kinetic energy after the collision:** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled)

### Diagram Explanation

- The diagram shows a motion detector on the left, which is used to track the movement of Cart 1 on the track.
- Cart 1 and Cart 2 are positioned on a track with bumpers between them. The bumpers ensure that the carts do not stick together upon collision.
- After the collision, the velocity of Cart 2 is measured using a photogate positioned at the right end of the track.

This setup visually conveys how the experiment measures velocities of carts post-collision, allowing for the analysis of momentum conservation and kinetic energy changes.
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Transcribed Image Text:### Experiment Description **Objective:** To measure the velocities of two carts after a collision using bumpers, thus preventing them from sticking together. Velocity measurements are taken with a photogate for the second cart, initially at rest. **Setup:** - **Components:** - Cart 1 (mass: 500.1 g) - Cart 2 (mass: 510 g) - Motion detector - Bumpers - Track - Photogate **Procedure:** - Cart 1 is set in motion and its velocity before and after collision is recorded. - Cart 2 remains stationary before the collision; its velocity is measured post-collision using a photogate. ### Measurements - **Mass of Cart 1:** 500.1 g - **Mass of Cart 2:** 510 g - **Measured velocity of Cart 1 before collision:** 0.353 m/s - **Measured velocity of Cart 1 after collision:** -0.018 m/s (indicating a change in direction) - **Measured velocity of Cart 2 after collision (from photogate):** 0.226 m/s - **Expected velocity of Cart 2 after collision (based on conservation of momentum):** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled) ### Calculations (Not Provided) - **Percent difference between measured and expected final velocities of Cart 2:** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled) - **Measured total kinetic energy before the collision:** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled) - **Measured total kinetic energy after the collision:** (calculation area is blank and needs to be filled) ### Diagram Explanation - The diagram shows a motion detector on the left, which is used to track the movement of Cart 1 on the track. - Cart 1 and Cart 2 are positioned on a track with bumpers between them. The bumpers ensure that the carts do not stick together upon collision. - After the collision, the velocity of Cart 2 is measured using a photogate positioned at the right end of the track. This setup visually conveys how the experiment measures velocities of carts post-collision, allowing for the analysis of momentum conservation and kinetic energy changes.
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