During the winter of 1973-74, a general system of wage and price controls (including a price ceiling on gasoline) was in force in the United States. At the beginning of 1974, some oil-producing countries imposed an oil embargo (a legal prohibition on commerce) on the West. In the spring of 1974, price controls were abolished. Because price controls were in effect at the time the embargo occurred, an economist would predict that the number of dollars one would need to pay at the pump for a full tank of gasoline would increase sharply. the number of dollars one would need to pay at the pump for a full tank of gasoline would decline sharply. long waiting lines and black markets would appear.

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The market for pencils has a domestic demand equation P=20−0.5Q�=20−0.5�, and a domestic supply equation  P=5+Q�=5+�, where quantity is measured in thousands. The world supply equation for pencils is PW=10��=10.  The domestic government decides to implement a tariff of $10 per thousand pencils. As a result of the tariff, the new domestic price of pencils is

From the graph, it is clear that the demand for gasoline is relatively (unit elastic, elastic, inelastic) and the supply for gasoline is relatively (unit elastic, elastic, inelastic).   This is an example of a (positive or negative) supply shock and, referencing the graph below, is best represented by the shift (from curve 1 to curve 2 or from curve 2 to curve 1).  If there's a price-gouging law in effect preventing gas stations from raising prices, then there will be an excess (supply, or demand) of _____ million gallons of gas.  Suppose the government wants to alleviate the market imbalance. The best policy solution is to impose (import tariffs, production subsidies, import quotas, or purchasing limits) and the (cost or revenue) would be $______ million.

A federal regulation that required that all beef consumed in the US must be grown and processed in the US is likely to: Drive up the price of beef in the US Increase beef consumption in the US Decrease consumption of chicken in the US (assuming chicken is a substitute for beef in the US) Increase international trade in beef products

The Orlando Sentinel newspaper had an August 30, 2019 story titled “Hurricane Dorian: Florida activates price-gouging hotline.”  Florida has a “Price Gouging Statute” which makes it illegal to raise prices on essential commodities when an official State of Emergency has been declared.  This is, essentially, a price ceiling at the pre-emergency levels.  While no one can argue with a law that tries to limit exploitation of people in times of emergency, we can as economists analyze the impact of this government intervention. Consider the market for some essential commodity, such as ice.  Assume the demand curve slopes down and the supply curve slopes up.  Depict the equilibrium before the emergency.  On the same graph show the impact of the emergency, clearly identifying any shifts in the curves and any changes in the market equilibrium in the market for ice, keeping in mind the following two outcomes of the hurricane:  Electricity is not operating, refrigerators are useless, and people…

The government of canada recently signed a new preferential trade agreement and has agreed to pay subsidies to poultry farmers to compensate for increased competition they may face from imports. You are employed as an analyst. In order to determine the dollar value of compensation you are required to estimate how the Canadian price of poultry and the quantity of imported poultry will change as a result of this new trade agreement. Canada is a small importing country in the world market for poultry. Provided is the following information about the Canadian poultry market: 1.The world price of poultry is $5 2.The Canadian poultry market is currently (before new trade agreement) protected by a tariff rate quota (TRQ) of the following format: -an in-quota tariff is $1/unit -the import quota volume is 100 units -the over-quota tariff is $10/unit 3.An excess demand (ED) for imports function for poultry has been estimated as P = 28 - 0.14Q   a)Draw the diagram for imports in this market, and…

In 2014, the U.S. House of Representatives approved a new farm bill establishing the Margin Protection Program (MPP) for dairy producers. Assume that the program has effectively created a price floor for milk at $0.18 per pound. Use the following additional information to answer the following questions: Without the price floor, the equilibrium price of milk is $0.15 per pound, and the equilibrium quantity is 200 billion pounds of milk. The supply curve intersects the price axis at $0.05 and the demand curve intersects the price axis at $0.25. At the price floor of $0.18, the quantity supplied is 260 billion, and the quantity demanded is 140 billion. To support the price floor, the USDA buys up the 120 billion pounds of excess milk. i. With the price floor at $0.18 per pound of milk, how much consumer surplus is created? Do not round your answer.   ii. With the price floor at $0.18 per pound of milk, how much producer surplus is created? Do not round your answer.   iii. With the price…

Corn is a very valuable product for which the U.S. government routinely offers subsidies. With no price support, the equilibrium price for corn is $300 per ton and the equilibrium quantity is 500 million tons per year. Suppose that the government agrees to pay farmers $350 for every ton of corn they produce and can't sell in the market. According to the farmer's market supply curve, 600 million tons per year is supplied at the price of $350 a ton, so production should increase to this amount. However, domestic users of corn cut back their purchases. Only 450 million tons a year is demanded at the price of $350 a ton, and purchases decrease to this amount. Farmers continue to produce 500 million tons of corn per year, so because they produce a greater quantity of corn than domestic buyers are willing to purchase, something must be done with the surplus. To make the price support work, the government decides to buy the surplus. a. In this example, how many million tons does the…

The market for organic and locally sourced foods has skyrocketed over the past decade as consumers focus on improving their eating habits. However, severe droughts have caused organic food prices to rise significantly, forcing many consumers to shop at conventional supermarkets (which are increasingly adding organic food options) instead of organic food markets such as Whole Foods. In response, companies such as Whole Foods have begun offering more nonorganic options on their store shelves in order to provide their consumers with more affordable options. Based on this response, what did companies such as Whole Foods realize about the elasticity of demand for organic foods that caused them to lower their prices by changing the type of foods they sell?